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NEET ]1[ Contd...
NEET Biology Class 11 - Animal Kingdom Ultra-Hard Question Bank
Instructions:
- Each question has four options (1), (2), (3), (4). Choose the most correct answer.
- Each correct answer carries 4 marks.
- Each wrong answer will deduct 1 marks.
- Unanswered questions will not be penalised.
1.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In sponges, the cells exhibit a division of labour, and they are arranged as loose cell aggregates representing a cellular level of organisation.
Reason (R): Sponges are multicellular animals and all cells perform identical functions without any specialisation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In sponges, the cells exhibit a division of labour, and they are arranged as loose cell aggregates representing a cellular level of organisation.
Reason (R): Sponges are multicellular animals and all cells perform identical functions without any specialisation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
2.Which of the following statements regarding the levels of organisation in animals are consistent with the NCERT text?
I. In coelenterates, the arrangement of cells is more complex and cells performing the same function are arranged into tissues.
II. Ctenophores exhibit a tissue level of organisation.
III. Platyhelminthes and other higher phyla exhibit organ level of organisation where tissues are grouped to form organs.
IV. In Annelids, Arthropods, Molluscs, Echinoderms and Chordates, organs have associated to form functional systems, each system concerned with a specific physiological activity.
Choose the correct option:
I. In coelenterates, the arrangement of cells is more complex and cells performing the same function are arranged into tissues.
II. Ctenophores exhibit a tissue level of organisation.
III. Platyhelminthes and other higher phyla exhibit organ level of organisation where tissues are grouped to form organs.
IV. In Annelids, Arthropods, Molluscs, Echinoderms and Chordates, organs have associated to form functional systems, each system concerned with a specific physiological activity.
Choose the correct option:
3.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The digestive system in Platyhelminthes is considered incomplete.
Reason (R): It has a single opening to the outside of the body that serves as both mouth and anus.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The digestive system in Platyhelminthes is considered incomplete.
Reason (R): It has a single opening to the outside of the body that serves as both mouth and anus.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
4.Read the following statements regarding the circulatory system types in animals:
I. In open type, blood is pumped out of the heart and the cells and tissues are directly bathed in it.
II. In closed type, blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying diameters (arteries, veins and capillaries).
III. Sponges and coelenterates do not possess any circulatory system according to the NCERT text.
IV. In all animals with closed circulatory system, the cells and tissues are never directly bathed in blood.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. In open type, blood is pumped out of the heart and the cells and tissues are directly bathed in it.
II. In closed type, blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying diameters (arteries, veins and capillaries).
III. Sponges and coelenterates do not possess any circulatory system according to the NCERT text.
IV. In all animals with closed circulatory system, the cells and tissues are never directly bathed in blood.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
5.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): All sponges are asymmetrical, and no plane passing through their centre can divide them into equal halves.
Reason (R): Sponges exhibit cellular level of organisation where cells are arranged as loose cell aggregates.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): All sponges are asymmetrical, and no plane passing through their centre can divide them into equal halves.
Reason (R): Sponges exhibit cellular level of organisation where cells are arranged as loose cell aggregates.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
6.Which of the following statement combinations correctly describes radial symmetry according to the NCERT?
I. When any plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the animal into two identical halves, it is called radial symmetry.
II. Coelenterates, ctenophores and echinoderms exhibit radial symmetry.
III. Sponges can never show radial symmetry.
IV. Platyhelminthes is the simplest phylum to show radial symmetry.
Choose the correct option:
I. When any plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the animal into two identical halves, it is called radial symmetry.
II. Coelenterates, ctenophores and echinoderms exhibit radial symmetry.
III. Sponges can never show radial symmetry.
IV. Platyhelminthes is the simplest phylum to show radial symmetry.
Choose the correct option:
7.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Animals like annelids, arthropods, etc., where the body can be divided into identical left and right halves in any plane exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Reason (R): Bilaterally symmetrical animals have a definite anterior and posterior end, which helps in active locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Animals like annelids, arthropods, etc., where the body can be divided into identical left and right halves in any plane exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Reason (R): Bilaterally symmetrical animals have a definite anterior and posterior end, which helps in active locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
8.Read the following statements carefully regarding germinal layers in animal organisation:
I. Animals in which the cells are arranged in two embryonic layers, an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm, are called diploblastic animals.
II. Coelenterates and Ctenophores are examples of diploblastic animals.
III. An undifferentiated layer, mesoglea, is present in between the ectoderm and the endoderm in diploblastic animals.
IV. Those animals in which the developing embryo has a third germinal layer, mesoderm, in between the ectoderm and endoderm, are called triploblastic animals.
V. Triploblastic animals range from Platyhelminthes to Chordates.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Animals in which the cells are arranged in two embryonic layers, an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm, are called diploblastic animals.
II. Coelenterates and Ctenophores are examples of diploblastic animals.
III. An undifferentiated layer, mesoglea, is present in between the ectoderm and the endoderm in diploblastic animals.
IV. Those animals in which the developing embryo has a third germinal layer, mesoderm, in between the ectoderm and endoderm, are called triploblastic animals.
V. Triploblastic animals range from Platyhelminthes to Chordates.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
9.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The mesoglea present in coelenterates is a cellular germinal layer that later differentiates into muscular tissue.
Reason (R): Coelenterates are diploblastic animals and lack a true mesoderm.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The mesoglea present in coelenterates is a cellular germinal layer that later differentiates into muscular tissue.
Reason (R): Coelenterates are diploblastic animals and lack a true mesoderm.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
10.Consider the following statements regarding the body cavity (coelom) of animals:
I. The presence or absence of a cavity between the body wall and the gut wall is very important in classification.
II. The body cavity, which is lined by mesoderm is called coelom.
III. Animals possessing coelom are called coelomates, e.g., annelids, molluscs, arthropods, echinoderms, hemichordates and chordates.
IV. In all coelomates, the coelom is formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The presence or absence of a cavity between the body wall and the gut wall is very important in classification.
II. The body cavity, which is lined by mesoderm is called coelom.
III. Animals possessing coelom are called coelomates, e.g., annelids, molluscs, arthropods, echinoderms, hemichordates and chordates.
IV. In all coelomates, the coelom is formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
11.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Aschelminthes are classified as pseudocoelomates.
Reason (R): In Aschelminthes, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the ectoderm and endoderm.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Aschelminthes are classified as pseudocoelomates.
Reason (R): In Aschelminthes, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the ectoderm and endoderm.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
12.Which of the following statements regarding the body cavity of Platyhelminthes is correct according to the NCERT?
I. The body cavity is completely absent in Platyhelminthes.
II. Platyhelminthes are called acoelomates.
III. The space between the body wall and gut wall in Platyhelminthes is filled with a parenchymal tissue derived from ectoderm.
IV. Platyhelminthes are diploblastic animals, which is why they lack a coelom.
Choose the correct option:
I. The body cavity is completely absent in Platyhelminthes.
II. Platyhelminthes are called acoelomates.
III. The space between the body wall and gut wall in Platyhelminthes is filled with a parenchymal tissue derived from ectoderm.
IV. Platyhelminthes are diploblastic animals, which is why they lack a coelom.
Choose the correct option:
13.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In earthworm, the body shows metameric segmentation where the body is externally and internally divided into segments.
Reason (R): Metamerism is characterised by the serial repetition of all organs in every segment of the body.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In earthworm, the body shows metameric segmentation where the body is externally and internally divided into segments.
Reason (R): Metamerism is characterised by the serial repetition of all organs in every segment of the body.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
14.Which of the following statements regarding the notochord are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Notochord is a mesodermally derived structure.
II. It is a rod-like structure.
III. It is formed on the ventral side during embryonic development in some animals.
IV. Animals with notochord are called chordates, and those which do not form this structure are called non-chordates.
V. Non-chordates include Porifera to Echinoderms.
Choose the correct option:
I. Notochord is a mesodermally derived structure.
II. It is a rod-like structure.
III. It is formed on the ventral side during embryonic development in some animals.
IV. Animals with notochord are called chordates, and those which do not form this structure are called non-chordates.
V. Non-chordates include Porifera to Echinoderms.
Choose the correct option:
15.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The notochord and the central nervous system are both located dorsally in chordates.
Reason (R): Non-chordates do not form a notochord during any stage of development, and their central nervous system is ventral, solid and double.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The notochord and the central nervous system are both located dorsally in chordates.
Reason (R): Non-chordates do not form a notochord during any stage of development, and their central nervous system is ventral, solid and double.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
16.Study the broad classification chart of Kingdom Animalia (Figure 4.4) and identify the correct statement combinations:
I. In Figure 4.4, Kingdom Animalia (multicellular) is first divided based on the level of organisation into Cellular level and Tissue/Organ/Organ-system level.
II. Cellular level is asymmetrical or radial, leading only to Phylum Porifera.
III. Under Tissue/Organ/Organ-system level, animals are divided into Radial and Bilateral symmetry.
IV. Radial symmetry corresponds to Coelenterata and Ctenophora, which are acoelomate.
V. Bilateral symmetry is further divided into three categories: without body cavity (Platyhelminthes), with false coelom (Aschelminthes), and with true coelom (Annelida to Chordata).
Choose the correct option according to the chart details:
I. In Figure 4.4, Kingdom Animalia (multicellular) is first divided based on the level of organisation into Cellular level and Tissue/Organ/Organ-system level.
II. Cellular level is asymmetrical or radial, leading only to Phylum Porifera.
III. Under Tissue/Organ/Organ-system level, animals are divided into Radial and Bilateral symmetry.
IV. Radial symmetry corresponds to Coelenterata and Ctenophora, which are acoelomate.
V. Bilateral symmetry is further divided into three categories: without body cavity (Platyhelminthes), with false coelom (Aschelminthes), and with true coelom (Annelida to Chordata).
Choose the correct option according to the chart details:
17.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Sponges are multicellular animals that exhibit cellular level of organisation.
Reason (R): All multicellular animals show identical patterns of cell organisation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Sponges are multicellular animals that exhibit cellular level of organisation.
Reason (R): All multicellular animals show identical patterns of cell organisation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
18.Consider the following statements regarding the symmetry of Echinoderms:
I. Adult echinoderms show radial symmetry.
II. Larval echinoderms show bilateral symmetry.
III. In Figure 4.4, Echinodermata is listed under Radial symmetry because of the adult form.
IV. In Table 4.2 (Salient Features), the symmetry of Echinodermata is listed as 'Radial'.
Which of these statements are consistent with the NCERT text and tables?
I. Adult echinoderms show radial symmetry.
II. Larval echinoderms show bilateral symmetry.
III. In Figure 4.4, Echinodermata is listed under Radial symmetry because of the adult form.
IV. In Table 4.2 (Salient Features), the symmetry of Echinodermata is listed as 'Radial'.
Which of these statements are consistent with the NCERT text and tables?
19.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Coelenterates exhibit an ectoderm and an endoderm but do not have a mesoderm layer.
Reason (R): They are diploblastic animals and possess an undifferentiated layer called mesoglea in between the ectoderm and the endoderm.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Coelenterates exhibit an ectoderm and an endoderm but do not have a mesoderm layer.
Reason (R): They are diploblastic animals and possess an undifferentiated layer called mesoglea in between the ectoderm and the endoderm.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
20.Which of the following phyla are classified as coelomates in the NCERT text?
I. Annelida
II. Mollusca
III. Arthropoda
IV. Echinodermata
V. Hemichordata
VI. Chordata
Choose the correct option:
I. Annelida
II. Mollusca
III. Arthropoda
IV. Echinodermata
V. Hemichordata
VI. Chordata
Choose the correct option:
21.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The body cavity in pseudocoelomates is not a true coelom.
Reason (R): In pseudocoelomates, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm; instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The body cavity in pseudocoelomates is not a true coelom.
Reason (R): In pseudocoelomates, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm; instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
22.Which of the following statements regarding acoelomates are correct according to the NCERT?
I. In acoelomates, the body cavity is completely absent.
II. Platyhelminthes is the premier example of acoelomates.
III. Sponges, coelenterates, and ctenophores are also acoelomates according to the text.
IV. In acoelomates, the gut wall is directly connected to the body wall by mesoderm.
Choose the correct option:
I. In acoelomates, the body cavity is completely absent.
II. Platyhelminthes is the premier example of acoelomates.
III. Sponges, coelenterates, and ctenophores are also acoelomates according to the text.
IV. In acoelomates, the gut wall is directly connected to the body wall by mesoderm.
Choose the correct option:
23.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Metamerism is a form of body segmentation seen in earthworms.
Reason (R): In earthworms, the body shows external and internal division into segments with a serial repetition of at least some organs.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Metamerism is a form of body segmentation seen in earthworms.
Reason (R): In earthworms, the body shows external and internal division into segments with a serial repetition of at least some organs.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
24.Read the following statements regarding the embryonic origin and location of notochord:
I. It is ectodermally derived.
II. It is mesodermally derived.
III. It is a rod-like structure.
IV. It is formed on the dorsal side.
V. It is formed on the ventral side.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
I. It is ectodermally derived.
II. It is mesodermally derived.
III. It is a rod-like structure.
IV. It is formed on the dorsal side.
V. It is formed on the ventral side.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
25.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Animals that do not form a notochord are called non-chordates, which includes Porifera to Hemichordata.
Reason (R): Non-chordates do not possess a dorsal, hollow, single nerve cord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Animals that do not form a notochord are called non-chordates, which includes Porifera to Hemichordata.
Reason (R): Non-chordates do not possess a dorsal, hollow, single nerve cord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
26.Read the following statements regarding the organ system complexities in different animal groups:
I. In Platyhelminthes, the digestive system has only a single opening to the outside of the body that serves as both mouth and anus, and is hence called incomplete.
II. A complete digestive system has two openings, a mouth and an anus.
III. The circulatory system can be open or closed.
IV. Organ systems in different groups of animals exhibit various patterns of complexities.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. In Platyhelminthes, the digestive system has only a single opening to the outside of the body that serves as both mouth and anus, and is hence called incomplete.
II. A complete digestive system has two openings, a mouth and an anus.
III. The circulatory system can be open or closed.
IV. Organ systems in different groups of animals exhibit various patterns of complexities.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
27.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In radial symmetry, any plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the animal into identical halves.
Reason (R): Coelenterates, ctenophores, and echinoderms always show radial symmetry throughout their life cycles.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In radial symmetry, any plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the animal into identical halves.
Reason (R): Coelenterates, ctenophores, and echinoderms always show radial symmetry throughout their life cycles.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
28.Which of the following statements regarding diploblastic and triploblastic organisations are correct according to the NCERT?
I. In diploblastic organisation, the cells are arranged in two embryonic layers.
II. In triploblastic organisation, a third germinal layer, mesoderm, is present between ectoderm and endoderm.
III. Platyhelminthes is triploblastic.
IV. Coelenterates are diploblastic.
Choose the correct option:
I. In diploblastic organisation, the cells are arranged in two embryonic layers.
II. In triploblastic organisation, a third germinal layer, mesoderm, is present between ectoderm and endoderm.
III. Platyhelminthes is triploblastic.
IV. Coelenterates are diploblastic.
Choose the correct option:
29.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In bilateral symmetry, the body can be divided into identical left and right halves in only one plane.
Reason (R): Bilaterally symmetrical animals include annelids, arthropods, etc.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In bilateral symmetry, the body can be divided into identical left and right halves in only one plane.
Reason (R): Bilaterally symmetrical animals include annelids, arthropods, etc.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
30.Which of the following statement combinations regarding the basis of classification are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Sponges have cellular level of organisation with some division of labour.
II. In open circulatory system, blood is pumped through vessels of varying diameters.
III. Radial symmetry is found in coelenterates, ctenophores, and echinoderms.
IV. Aschelminthes are pseudocoelomates where mesoderm is present as scattered pouches.
V. Notochord is a mesodermally derived structure formed on the dorsal side.
Choose the correct option:
I. Sponges have cellular level of organisation with some division of labour.
II. In open circulatory system, blood is pumped through vessels of varying diameters.
III. Radial symmetry is found in coelenterates, ctenophores, and echinoderms.
IV. Aschelminthes are pseudocoelomates where mesoderm is present as scattered pouches.
V. Notochord is a mesodermally derived structure formed on the dorsal side.
Choose the correct option:
31.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In sponges, water enters through minute pores called oscula in the body wall into a central cavity, spongocoel, from where it goes out through the ostia.
Reason (R): This pathway of water transport is helpful in food gathering, respiratory exchange and removal of waste.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In sponges, water enters through minute pores called oscula in the body wall into a central cavity, spongocoel, from where it goes out through the ostia.
Reason (R): This pathway of water transport is helpful in food gathering, respiratory exchange and removal of waste.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
32.Consider the following statements regarding the cell types and skeletal structures of Phylum Porifera:
I. Choanocytes or collar cells line the spongocoel and the canals.
II. Digestion in sponges is both extracellular and intracellular.
III. The body of sponges is supported by a skeleton made of spicules or spongin fibres.
IV. Sponges are hermaphrodite, meaning eggs and sperms are produced by the same individual.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Choanocytes or collar cells line the spongocoel and the canals.
II. Digestion in sponges is both extracellular and intracellular.
III. The body of sponges is supported by a skeleton made of spicules or spongin fibres.
IV. Sponges are hermaphrodite, meaning eggs and sperms are produced by the same individual.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
33.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Sponges reproduce asexually by fragmentation and sexually by formation of gametes.
Reason (R): In sponges, fertilisation is external and development is direct without any larval stage.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Sponges reproduce asexually by fragmentation and sexually by formation of gametes.
Reason (R): In sponges, fertilisation is external and development is direct without any larval stage.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
34.Which of the following matches between the sponge genus and its common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Sycon - Scypha
II. Spongilla - Fresh water sponge
III. Euspongia - Bath sponge
IV. Chalina - Dead man's finger
Choose the correct option:
I. Sycon - Scypha
II. Spongilla - Fresh water sponge
III. Euspongia - Bath sponge
IV. Chalina - Dead man's finger
Choose the correct option:
35.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The phylum Coelenterata is also called Cnidaria.
Reason (R): They are mostly marine, sessile or free-swimming, radially symmetrical animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The phylum Coelenterata is also called Cnidaria.
Reason (R): They are mostly marine, sessile or free-swimming, radially symmetrical animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
36.Which of the following statements regarding the cnidoblasts of Cnidarians are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Cnidoblasts or cnidocytes contain the stinging capsules or nematocytes.
II. They are present on the tentacles and the body.
III. Cnidoblasts are used for anchorage, defense and for the capture of prey.
IV. Cnidoblasts contain toxin-producing cells derived from endoderm.
Choose the correct option:
I. Cnidoblasts or cnidocytes contain the stinging capsules or nematocytes.
II. They are present on the tentacles and the body.
III. Cnidoblasts are used for anchorage, defense and for the capture of prey.
IV. Cnidoblasts contain toxin-producing cells derived from endoderm.
Choose the correct option:
37.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Cnidarians exhibit a central gastrovascular cavity with a single opening, mouth on hypostome.
Reason (R): Digestion in Cnidarians is entirely extracellular, occurring in the gastrovascular cavity.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Cnidarians exhibit a central gastrovascular cavity with a single opening, mouth on hypostome.
Reason (R): Digestion in Cnidarians is entirely extracellular, occurring in the gastrovascular cavity.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
38.Which of the following statement combinations correctly describes the body forms of Cnidarians according to the NCERT?
I. Cnidarians exhibit two basic body forms called polyp and medusa.
II. Polyp is a sessile and cylindrical form, as in Hydra and Adamsia.
III. Medusa is umbrella-shaped and free-swimming, as in Aurelia or jelly fish.
IV. Corals possess a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate, and they represent the medusa form.
Choose the correct option:
I. Cnidarians exhibit two basic body forms called polyp and medusa.
II. Polyp is a sessile and cylindrical form, as in Hydra and Adamsia.
III. Medusa is umbrella-shaped and free-swimming, as in Aurelia or jelly fish.
IV. Corals possess a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate, and they represent the medusa form.
Choose the correct option:
39.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Obelia, polyps produce medusae sexually and medusae form polyps asexually.
Reason (R): This alternation of generation in Obelia is known as metagenesis.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Obelia, polyps produce medusae sexually and medusae form polyps asexually.
Reason (R): This alternation of generation in Obelia is known as metagenesis.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
40.Which of the following matches between the cnidarian genus and its common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Physalia - Portuguese man-of-war
II. Adamsia - Sea anemone
III. Pennatula - Sea-pen
IV. Gorgonia - Sea-fan
V. Meandrina - Brain coral
Choose the correct option:
I. Physalia - Portuguese man-of-war
II. Adamsia - Sea anemone
III. Pennatula - Sea-pen
IV. Gorgonia - Sea-fan
V. Meandrina - Brain coral
Choose the correct option:
41.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Ctenophores are commonly known as sea walnuts or comb jellies.
Reason (R): Their body bears eight external rows of ciliated comb plates, which help in locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Ctenophores are commonly known as sea walnuts or comb jellies.
Reason (R): Their body bears eight external rows of ciliated comb plates, which help in locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
42.Which of the following statements regarding ctenophores are consistent with the NCERT text?
I. Ctenophores are exclusively marine, radially symmetrical, diploblastic organisms.
II. Digestion is both extracellular and intracellular.
III. Bioluminescence (the property of a living organism to emit light) is well-marked in ctenophores.
IV. Sexes are separate in ctenophores.
V. Reproduction takes place by asexual and sexual means.
Choose the correct option:
I. Ctenophores are exclusively marine, radially symmetrical, diploblastic organisms.
II. Digestion is both extracellular and intracellular.
III. Bioluminescence (the property of a living organism to emit light) is well-marked in ctenophores.
IV. Sexes are separate in ctenophores.
V. Reproduction takes place by asexual and sexual means.
Choose the correct option:
43.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Ctenophores, fertilisation is external and development is indirect.
Reason (R): Ctenophores reproduce both by asexual fragmentation and by sexual gametic fusion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Ctenophores, fertilisation is external and development is indirect.
Reason (R): Ctenophores reproduce both by asexual fragmentation and by sexual gametic fusion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
44.Which of the following are examples of Phylum Ctenophora according to the NCERT?
I. Pleurobrachia
II. Ctenoplana
III. Aurelia
IV. Adamsia
Choose the correct option:
I. Pleurobrachia
II. Ctenoplana
III. Aurelia
IV. Adamsia
Choose the correct option:
45.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Choanocytes are unique flagellated cells that line the spongocoel and canals in sponges.
Reason (R): Sponges are the only multicellular animals that exhibit intracellular digestion within specialized collar cells.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Choanocytes are unique flagellated cells that line the spongocoel and canals in sponges.
Reason (R): Sponges are the only multicellular animals that exhibit intracellular digestion within specialized collar cells.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
46.Which of the following statement combinations correctly compares Porifera, Cnidaria, and Ctenophora according to the NCERT?
I. Porifera has cellular level of organisation, while Cnidaria and Ctenophora have tissue level.
II. Porifera has asymmetrical or radial symmetry, Cnidaria has radial, and Ctenophora has radial.
III. Porifera has intracellular digestion, while Cnidaria and Ctenophora have both extracellular and intracellular digestion.
IV. Porifera has internal fertilisation, Cnidaria has internal/external (not specified, but Obelia has alternation), and Ctenophora has external fertilisation.
Choose the correct option:
I. Porifera has cellular level of organisation, while Cnidaria and Ctenophora have tissue level.
II. Porifera has asymmetrical or radial symmetry, Cnidaria has radial, and Ctenophora has radial.
III. Porifera has intracellular digestion, while Cnidaria and Ctenophora have both extracellular and intracellular digestion.
IV. Porifera has internal fertilisation, Cnidaria has internal/external (not specified, but Obelia has alternation), and Ctenophora has external fertilisation.
Choose the correct option:
47.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Cnidarians represent a tissue level of organisation where cells are arranged into tissues.
Reason (R): Cnidarians are diploblastic animals containing ectoderm, endoderm, and an undifferentiated mesoglea.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Cnidarians represent a tissue level of organisation where cells are arranged into tissues.
Reason (R): Cnidarians are diploblastic animals containing ectoderm, endoderm, and an undifferentiated mesoglea.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
48.Read the following statements regarding the cnidocytes of Cnidarians:
I. They are also known as cnidoblasts.
II. They contain stinging capsules called nematocysts.
III. They are present on the tentacles but never on the body of the animal.
IV. They are utilized by the animal for anchorage, defense, and prey capture.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. They are also known as cnidoblasts.
II. They contain stinging capsules called nematocysts.
III. They are present on the tentacles but never on the body of the animal.
IV. They are utilized by the animal for anchorage, defense, and prey capture.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
49.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Sponges are hermaphrodites, which means sexes are not separate.
Reason (R): In sponges, eggs and sperms are produced by the same individual.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Sponges are hermaphrodites, which means sexes are not separate.
Reason (R): In sponges, eggs and sperms are produced by the same individual.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
50.Which of the following statements regarding alternation of generation in Obelia are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Obelia exists in both polyp and medusa forms.
II. Polyps produce medusae asexually.
III. Medusae form polyps sexually.
IV. The phenomenon is known as metagenesis.
Choose the correct option:
I. Obelia exists in both polyp and medusa forms.
II. Polyps produce medusae asexually.
III. Medusae form polyps sexually.
IV. The phenomenon is known as metagenesis.
Choose the correct option:
51.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Ctenophores ciliated comb plates are critical for their survival.
Reason (R): The ciliated comb plates of ctenophores are responsible for capturing prey and directing food to the mouth.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Ctenophores ciliated comb plates are critical for their survival.
Reason (R): The ciliated comb plates of ctenophores are responsible for capturing prey and directing food to the mouth.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
52.Consider the following statements regarding the skeletal structures of different animal groups:
I. Some cnidarians, e.g., corals, have a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate.
II. Sponges have a skeleton made of spicules or spongin fibres.
III. Ctenophores have a chitinous exoskeleton.
IV. In corals, the skeleton is external and is shed periodically.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Some cnidarians, e.g., corals, have a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate.
II. Sponges have a skeleton made of spicules or spongin fibres.
III. Ctenophores have a chitinous exoskeleton.
IV. In corals, the skeleton is external and is shed periodically.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
53.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The gastrovascular cavity of Cnidarians serves both digestive and circulatory functions.
Reason (R): Cnidarians have a single opening, mouth on hypostome, that serves as both entry and exit for the gastrovascular cavity.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The gastrovascular cavity of Cnidarians serves both digestive and circulatory functions.
Reason (R): Cnidarians have a single opening, mouth on hypostome, that serves as both entry and exit for the gastrovascular cavity.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
54.Which of the following ctenophoran characteristics are correctly described in the NCERT?
I. Radial symmetry
II. Exclusively marine
III. Diploblastic organisation
IV. Organ level of organisation
V. Comb plates for locomotion
Choose the correct option:
I. Radial symmetry
II. Exclusively marine
III. Diploblastic organisation
IV. Organ level of organisation
V. Comb plates for locomotion
Choose the correct option:
55.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Ctenophores are well known for their ability to emit light from their bodies.
Reason (R): Bioluminescence is the property of a living organism to emit light, which is well-marked in ctenophores.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Ctenophores are well known for their ability to emit light from their bodies.
Reason (R): Bioluminescence is the property of a living organism to emit light, which is well-marked in ctenophores.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
56.Read the following statements regarding the developmental stages of sponges:
I. Development is indirect, meaning there is a larval stage.
II. The larval stage is morphologically distinct from the adult.
III. The larval stage is free-swimming, whereas the adult is sessile.
IV. Development is direct in freshwater species like Spongilla.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Development is indirect, meaning there is a larval stage.
II. The larval stage is morphologically distinct from the adult.
III. The larval stage is free-swimming, whereas the adult is sessile.
IV. Development is direct in freshwater species like Spongilla.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
57.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Some cnidarians, specifically corals, have a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate.
Reason (R): Corals are exclusively marine organisms that reproduce only by sexual means.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Some cnidarians, specifically corals, have a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate.
Reason (R): Corals are exclusively marine organisms that reproduce only by sexual means.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
58.Which of the following statements regarding the body forms of cnidarians are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Polyp is a sessile and cylindrical form.
II. Medusa is umbrella-shaped and free-swimming.
III. Hydra and Adamsia exhibit the polyp form.
IV. Aurelia or jelly fish exhibits the medusa form.
V. Obelia exists only in the medusa form.
Choose the correct option:
I. Polyp is a sessile and cylindrical form.
II. Medusa is umbrella-shaped and free-swimming.
III. Hydra and Adamsia exhibit the polyp form.
IV. Aurelia or jelly fish exhibits the medusa form.
V. Obelia exists only in the medusa form.
Choose the correct option:
59.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Ctenophores possess eight internal rows of ciliated comb plates.
Reason (R): The ciliated comb plates of ctenophores help in locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Ctenophores possess eight internal rows of ciliated comb plates.
Reason (R): The ciliated comb plates of ctenophores help in locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
60.Which of the following statements are consistent with the NCERT text regarding lower invertebrates?
I. Sponges have a canal system where water flows from ostia to spongocoel to osculum.
II. Corals represent cnidarians with calcium carbonate skeletons.
III. Pleurobrachia and Ctenoplana are ctenophores with ciliated comb plates.
IV. Cnidarians are characterized by the presence of cnidoblasts on tentacles and body.
Choose the correct option:
I. Sponges have a canal system where water flows from ostia to spongocoel to osculum.
II. Corals represent cnidarians with calcium carbonate skeletons.
III. Pleurobrachia and Ctenoplana are ctenophores with ciliated comb plates.
IV. Cnidarians are characterized by the presence of cnidoblasts on tentacles and body.
Choose the correct option:
61.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Platyhelminthes are commonly called flatworms because they have a laterally compressed body.
Reason (R): They are mostly endoparasites found in animals including humans.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Platyhelminthes are commonly called flatworms because they have a laterally compressed body.
Reason (R): They are mostly endoparasites found in animals including humans.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
62.Consider the following statements regarding the anatomical and physiological traits of flatworms:
I. Flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and acoelomate animals with organ level of organisation.
II. Hooks and suckers are present in all parasitic forms.
III. Some parasitic forms absorb nutrients from the host directly through their body surface.
IV. Specialized cells called flame cells help in osmoregulation and excretion.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and acoelomate animals with organ level of organisation.
II. Hooks and suckers are present in all parasitic forms.
III. Some parasitic forms absorb nutrients from the host directly through their body surface.
IV. Specialized cells called flame cells help in osmoregulation and excretion.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
63.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Planaria possesses a high capacity of regeneration.
Reason (R): Planaria is a free-living flatworm that reproduces only by asexual fragmentation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Planaria possesses a high capacity of regeneration.
Reason (R): Planaria is a free-living flatworm that reproduces only by asexual fragmentation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
64.Which of the following flatworm genus names are correctly matched with their common names in the NCERT?
I. Taenia - Tapeworm
II. Fasciola - Liver fluke
III. Planaria - Flatworm
IV. Schistosoma - Blood fluke
Choose the correct option:
I. Taenia - Tapeworm
II. Fasciola - Liver fluke
III. Planaria - Flatworm
IV. Schistosoma - Blood fluke
Choose the correct option:
65.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The phylum Aschelminthes is commonly called roundworms.
Reason (R): The body of these animals is circular in cross-section.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The phylum Aschelminthes is commonly called roundworms.
Reason (R): The body of these animals is circular in cross-section.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
66.Consider the following statements regarding the internal systems of Aschelminthes:
I. They may be free-living (aquatic and terrestrial) or parasitic in plants and animals.
II. They exhibit organ-system level of body organisation.
III. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and pseudocoelomate animals.
IV. Alimentary canal is complete with a well-developed muscular pharynx.
V. An excretory tube removes body wastes from the body cavity through the excretory pore.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
I. They may be free-living (aquatic and terrestrial) or parasitic in plants and animals.
II. They exhibit organ-system level of body organisation.
III. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and pseudocoelomate animals.
IV. Alimentary canal is complete with a well-developed muscular pharynx.
V. An excretory tube removes body wastes from the body cavity through the excretory pore.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
67.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Aschelminthes, sexes are separate, meaning they are dioecious.
Reason (R): Often, males are longer than females, and males have a curved tail as shown in the NCERT diagrams.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Aschelminthes, sexes are separate, meaning they are dioecious.
Reason (R): Often, males are longer than females, and males have a curved tail as shown in the NCERT diagrams.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
68.Which of the following roundworm matches between genus and common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Ascaris - Roundworm
II. Wuchereria - Filaria worm
III. Ancylostoma - Hookworm
IV. Enterobius - Pinworm
Choose the correct option:
I. Ascaris - Roundworm
II. Wuchereria - Filaria worm
III. Ancylostoma - Hookworm
IV. Enterobius - Pinworm
Choose the correct option:
69.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The phylum name Annelida is derived from their segmented body appearance.
Reason (R): Their body surface is distinctly marked out into segments or metameres, which are like little rings (Latin, annulus).
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The phylum name Annelida is derived from their segmented body appearance.
Reason (R): Their body surface is distinctly marked out into segments or metameres, which are like little rings (Latin, annulus).
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
70.Read the following statements regarding the locomotion and appendages of Annelids:
I. Annelids possess longitudinal and circular muscles which help in locomotion.
II. Aquatic annelids, such as Nereis, possess lateral appendages called parapodia which help in swimming.
III. All annelids possess setae or chaetae for anchorage.
IV. Parapodia are muscular projections of the body wall used for crawling on land.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Annelids possess longitudinal and circular muscles which help in locomotion.
II. Aquatic annelids, such as Nereis, possess lateral appendages called parapodia which help in swimming.
III. All annelids possess setae or chaetae for anchorage.
IV. Parapodia are muscular projections of the body wall used for crawling on land.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
71.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Annelids exhibit a closed circulatory system.
Reason (R): In a closed circulatory system, blood is pumped by the heart into the body cavity, where tissues are directly bathed in it.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Annelids exhibit a closed circulatory system.
Reason (R): In a closed circulatory system, blood is pumped by the heart into the body cavity, where tissues are directly bathed in it.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
72.Which of the following statements regarding the excretory and nervous systems of Annelids are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Nephridia (sing. nephridium) help in osmoregulation and excretion.
II. Neural system consists of paired ganglia connected by lateral nerves to a double ventral nerve cord.
III. Ganglia are dorsal in position in the annelid nerve cord.
IV. The nervous system in annelids is identical to that of flatworms.
Choose the correct option:
I. Nephridia (sing. nephridium) help in osmoregulation and excretion.
II. Neural system consists of paired ganglia connected by lateral nerves to a double ventral nerve cord.
III. Ganglia are dorsal in position in the annelid nerve cord.
IV. The nervous system in annelids is identical to that of flatworms.
Choose the correct option:
73.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Nereis is dioecious, whereas earthworms and leeches are monoecious.
Reason (R): Nereis reproduces only sexually, while earthworms can reproduce asexually by regeneration.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Nereis is dioecious, whereas earthworms and leeches are monoecious.
Reason (R): Nereis reproduces only sexually, while earthworms can reproduce asexually by regeneration.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
74.Which of the following matches between Annelid genus and common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Nereis - Sandworm
II. Pheretima - Earthworm
III. Hirudinaria - Blood sucking leech
Choose the correct option:
I. Nereis - Sandworm
II. Pheretima - Earthworm
III. Hirudinaria - Blood sucking leech
Choose the correct option:
75.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Flame cells and nephridia are analogous excretory structures found in flatworms and annelids respectively.
Reason (R): Both flame cells and nephridia are specialized for performing the dual functions of osmoregulation and nitrogenous waste excretion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Flame cells and nephridia are analogous excretory structures found in flatworms and annelids respectively.
Reason (R): Both flame cells and nephridia are specialized for performing the dual functions of osmoregulation and nitrogenous waste excretion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
76.Which of the following statement combinations correctly describes the body cavity changes from Platyhelminthes to Annelids?
I. Platyhelminthes are acoelomate, lacking any cavity between body wall and gut.
II. Aschelminthes are pseudocoelomate, with mesoderm present as scattered pouches.
III. Annelids are coelomate, possessing a true body cavity lined by mesoderm.
IV. In all three phyla, the cavity is formed during embryonic blastulation.
Choose the correct option:
I. Platyhelminthes are acoelomate, lacking any cavity between body wall and gut.
II. Aschelminthes are pseudocoelomate, with mesoderm present as scattered pouches.
III. Annelids are coelomate, possessing a true body cavity lined by mesoderm.
IV. In all three phyla, the cavity is formed during embryonic blastulation.
Choose the correct option:
77.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Aschelminthes possess a complete digestive system.
Reason (R): Their alimentary canal has a well-developed muscular pharynx.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Aschelminthes possess a complete digestive system.
Reason (R): Their alimentary canal has a well-developed muscular pharynx.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
78.Which of the following reproductive features of Platyhelminthes are described in the NCERT?
I. Sexes are not separate.
II. Fertilisation is internal.
III. Development is through many larval stages.
IV. Planaria shows high capacity of regeneration.
Choose the correct option:
I. Sexes are not separate.
II. Fertilisation is internal.
III. Development is through many larval stages.
IV. Planaria shows high capacity of regeneration.
Choose the correct option:
79.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In roundworms, nitrogenous wastes are removed from the body cavity via an excretory tube.
Reason (R): The excretory tube in roundworms opens directly into the muscular pharynx for elimination.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In roundworms, nitrogenous wastes are removed from the body cavity via an excretory tube.
Reason (R): The excretory tube in roundworms opens directly into the muscular pharynx for elimination.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
80.Which of the following statements regarding the appendages of Annelids are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Lateral appendages called parapodia help in swimming in Nereis.
II. Parapodia are present in all aquatic annelids, including leeches.
III. Nereis is an aquatic form of annelid.
IV. Parapodia are not mentioned as present in earthworms in the NCERT text.
Choose the correct option:
I. Lateral appendages called parapodia help in swimming in Nereis.
II. Parapodia are present in all aquatic annelids, including leeches.
III. Nereis is an aquatic form of annelid.
IV. Parapodia are not mentioned as present in earthworms in the NCERT text.
Choose the correct option:
81.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Flame cells in flatworms perform only the function of nitrogenous excretion.
Reason (R): Flame cells contain cilia that generate a water current to flush out wastes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Flame cells in flatworms perform only the function of nitrogenous excretion.
Reason (R): Flame cells contain cilia that generate a water current to flush out wastes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
82.Which of the following reproductive traits of Aschelminthes are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Sexes are separate (dioecious).
II. Males and females are distinct.
III. Females are often shorter than males.
IV. Fertilisation is external.
V. Development is direct (young ones resemble the adult) or indirect.
Choose the correct option:
I. Sexes are separate (dioecious).
II. Males and females are distinct.
III. Females are often shorter than males.
IV. Fertilisation is external.
V. Development is direct (young ones resemble the adult) or indirect.
Choose the correct option:
83.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In annelids, the neural system consists of paired ganglia connected by lateral nerves to a double dorsal nerve cord.
Reason (R): Annelids are bilateral, triploblastic and coelomate animals with metameric segmentation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In annelids, the neural system consists of paired ganglia connected by lateral nerves to a double dorsal nerve cord.
Reason (R): Annelids are bilateral, triploblastic and coelomate animals with metameric segmentation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
84.Which of the following statements regarding regeneration in Planaria are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Planaria belongs to Phylum Platyhelminthes.
II. It possesses a high capacity of regeneration.
III. A single cut piece can grow into a complete organism.
IV. Planaria is an obligate endoparasite in the human gut.
Choose the correct option:
I. Planaria belongs to Phylum Platyhelminthes.
II. It possesses a high capacity of regeneration.
III. A single cut piece can grow into a complete organism.
IV. Planaria is an obligate endoparasite in the human gut.
Choose the correct option:
85.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Some members of Aschelminthes can cause diseases in crop plants.
Reason (R): According to NCERT, roundworms can be parasitic in both plants and animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Some members of Aschelminthes can cause diseases in crop plants.
Reason (R): According to NCERT, roundworms can be parasitic in both plants and animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
86.Read the following statements regarding the nervous system of Annelids:
I. It contains paired ganglia.
II. The ganglia are connected by lateral nerves.
III. The lateral nerves connect to a double ventral nerve cord.
IV. The nerve cord is single and hollow.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. It contains paired ganglia.
II. The ganglia are connected by lateral nerves.
III. The lateral nerves connect to a double ventral nerve cord.
IV. The nerve cord is single and hollow.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
87.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Some parasitic flatworms do not require a mouth or digestive tract to feed.
Reason (R): Some of them absorb nutrients from the host directly through their body surface.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Some parasitic flatworms do not require a mouth or digestive tract to feed.
Reason (R): Some of them absorb nutrients from the host directly through their body surface.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
88.Which of the following statements regarding the digestive system of roundworms are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The digestive tract is incomplete, lacking an anus.
II. The alimentary canal is complete.
III. They possess a well-developed muscular pharynx.
IV. Digestion occurs intracellularly within the pharyngeal cells.
Choose the correct option:
I. The digestive tract is incomplete, lacking an anus.
II. The alimentary canal is complete.
III. They possess a well-developed muscular pharynx.
IV. Digestion occurs intracellularly within the pharyngeal cells.
Choose the correct option:
89.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The nervous coordination in annelids is mediated by paired ganglia in each segment.
Reason (R): Ganglia are connected by lateral nerves to a double ventral nerve cord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The nervous coordination in annelids is mediated by paired ganglia in each segment.
Reason (R): Ganglia are connected by lateral nerves to a double ventral nerve cord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
90.Which of the following statement combinations correctly matches the phylum with its excretory system features according to the NCERT?
I. Porifera - water canal system helps in removal of waste.
II. Platyhelminthes - specialized flame cells help in osmoregulation and excretion.
III. Aschelminthes - excretory tube removes waste through the excretory pore.
IV. Annelida - nephridia help in osmoregulation and excretion.
Choose the correct option:
I. Porifera - water canal system helps in removal of waste.
II. Platyhelminthes - specialized flame cells help in osmoregulation and excretion.
III. Aschelminthes - excretory tube removes waste through the excretory pore.
IV. Annelida - nephridia help in osmoregulation and excretion.
Choose the correct option:
91.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Over two-thirds of all named species on earth are arthropods.
Reason (R): Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum of Animalia which includes insects.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Over two-thirds of all named species on earth are arthropods.
Reason (R): Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum of Animalia which includes insects.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
92.Read the following statements regarding the body structure of Arthropods:
I. They have organ-system level of organisation.
II. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, segmented and coelomate animals.
III. The body of arthropods is covered by a calcareous exoskeleton.
IV. The body consists of head, thorax and abdomen.
V. They have jointed appendages.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. They have organ-system level of organisation.
II. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, segmented and coelomate animals.
III. The body of arthropods is covered by a calcareous exoskeleton.
IV. The body consists of head, thorax and abdomen.
V. They have jointed appendages.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
93.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Respiratory organs in arthropods include gills, book gills, book lungs or tracheal system.
Reason (R): These respiratory organs show specific adaptations to aquatic and terrestrial environments in different arthropod classes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Respiratory organs in arthropods include gills, book gills, book lungs or tracheal system.
Reason (R): These respiratory organs show specific adaptations to aquatic and terrestrial environments in different arthropod classes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
94.Which of the following statements regarding the circulatory and sensory systems of Arthropods are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Circulatory system is of open type.
II. Sensory organs like antennae are present.
III. Eyes may be compound and simple.
IV. Statocysts or balance organs are present.
Choose the correct option:
I. Circulatory system is of open type.
II. Sensory organs like antennae are present.
III. Eyes may be compound and simple.
IV. Statocysts or balance organs are present.
Choose the correct option:
95.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Excretion in arthropods is carried out through Malpighian tubules.
Reason (R): Malpighian tubules are connected to the open circulatory system to filter blood directly.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Excretion in arthropods is carried out through Malpighian tubules.
Reason (R): Malpighian tubules are connected to the open circulatory system to filter blood directly.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
96.Identify the correct combinations of economically important insects and vectors according to the NCERT:
I. Apis - Honey bee (economically important)
II. Bombyx - Silkworm (economically important)
III. Laccifer - Lac insect (economically important)
IV. Anopheles, Culex and Aedes - Mosquito vectors
Choose the correct option:
I. Apis - Honey bee (economically important)
II. Bombyx - Silkworm (economically important)
III. Laccifer - Lac insect (economically important)
IV. Anopheles, Culex and Aedes - Mosquito vectors
Choose the correct option:
97.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Locusta is a gregarious pest, whereas Limulus is considered a living fossil.
Reason (R): Locusta is commonly known as locust, and Limulus is commonly known as king crab.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Locusta is a gregarious pest, whereas Limulus is considered a living fossil.
Reason (R): Locusta is commonly known as locust, and Limulus is commonly known as king crab.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
98.Consider the following statements regarding Phylum Mollusca:
I. Mollusca is the largest animal phylum.
II. Molluscs are terrestrial or aquatic (marine or fresh water).
III. They have organ-system level of organisation.
IV. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Mollusca is the largest animal phylum.
II. Molluscs are terrestrial or aquatic (marine or fresh water).
III. They have organ-system level of organisation.
IV. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
99.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The body of molluscs is covered by a chitinous shell and is segmented into head, muscular foot and visceral hump.
Reason (R): Molluscs are triploblastic, coelomate animals with bilateral symmetry.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The body of molluscs is covered by a chitinous shell and is segmented into head, muscular foot and visceral hump.
Reason (R): Molluscs are triploblastic, coelomate animals with bilateral symmetry.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
100.Which of the following statements regarding the mantle and skin layer of Molluscs are correct according to the NCERT?
I. A soft and spongy layer of skin forms a mantle over the visceral hump.
II. The space between the head and the mantle is called the mantle cavity.
III. The space between the visceral hump and the mantle is called the mantle cavity.
IV. Gills are present in the mantle cavity.
Choose the correct option:
I. A soft and spongy layer of skin forms a mantle over the visceral hump.
II. The space between the head and the mantle is called the mantle cavity.
III. The space between the visceral hump and the mantle is called the mantle cavity.
IV. Gills are present in the mantle cavity.
Choose the correct option:
101.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The feather-like gills of Molluscs have dual physiological functions.
Reason (R): Gills in Molluscs are located in the mantle cavity and perform both respiratory and excretory functions.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The feather-like gills of Molluscs have dual physiological functions.
Reason (R): Gills in Molluscs are located in the mantle cavity and perform both respiratory and excretory functions.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
102.Which of the following statements regarding the sensory and feeding organs of Molluscs are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The anterior head region has sensory tentacles.
II. The mouth contains a file-like rasping organ for feeding, called radula.
III. Radula is present in the anterior head tentacles.
IV. Radula is composed of chitinous teeth used for chewing food.
Choose the correct option:
I. The anterior head region has sensory tentacles.
II. The mouth contains a file-like rasping organ for feeding, called radula.
III. Radula is present in the anterior head tentacles.
IV. Radula is composed of chitinous teeth used for chewing food.
Choose the correct option:
103.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Molluscs are usually monoecious and viviparous.
Reason (R): They show indirect development with larval stages.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Molluscs are usually monoecious and viviparous.
Reason (R): They show indirect development with larval stages.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
104.Which of the following matches between Mollusc genus and common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Pila - Apple snail
II. Pinctada - Pearl oyster
III. Sepia - Cuttlefish
IV. Loligo - Squid
V. Octopus - Devil fish
VI. Aplysia - Sea-hare
VII. Dentalium - Tusk shell
VIII. Chaetopleura - Chiton
Choose the correct option:
I. Pila - Apple snail
II. Pinctada - Pearl oyster
III. Sepia - Cuttlefish
IV. Loligo - Squid
V. Octopus - Devil fish
VI. Aplysia - Sea-hare
VII. Dentalium - Tusk shell
VIII. Chaetopleura - Chiton
Choose the correct option:
105.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The body of a mollusc is protected against physical injury by an external calcareous shell.
Reason (R): According to NCERT, all molluscs have their body covered by a calcareous shell.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The body of a mollusc is protected against physical injury by an external calcareous shell.
Reason (R): According to NCERT, all molluscs have their body covered by a calcareous shell.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
106.Compare the segmentation and appendages of Arthropods and Molluscs according to the NCERT:
I. Arthropods are segmented, whereas Molluscs are unsegmented.
II. Arthropods have jointed appendages, whereas Molluscs have a muscular foot.
III. Both Arthropods and Molluscs have a distinct head region.
IV. Both Arthropods and Molluscs have a visceral hump.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
I. Arthropods are segmented, whereas Molluscs are unsegmented.
II. Arthropods have jointed appendages, whereas Molluscs have a muscular foot.
III. Both Arthropods and Molluscs have a distinct head region.
IV. Both Arthropods and Molluscs have a visceral hump.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
107.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Statocysts in arthropods help the animal in maintaining equilibrium during movement.
Reason (R): Statocysts are balance organs present along with antennae and eyes in arthropods.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Statocysts in arthropods help the animal in maintaining equilibrium during movement.
Reason (R): Statocysts are balance organs present along with antennae and eyes in arthropods.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
108.Which of the following respiratory organs in Arthropoda are correctly associated with their groups (in general biology/NCERT context)?
I. Tracheal system - insects
II. Gills - aquatic crustaceans like prawn
III. Book gills - Limulus (king crab)
IV. Book lungs - scorpions and spiders
Which of the statement combinations are correct (based on NCERT diagrams and text)?
I. Tracheal system - insects
II. Gills - aquatic crustaceans like prawn
III. Book gills - Limulus (king crab)
IV. Book lungs - scorpions and spiders
Which of the statement combinations are correct (based on NCERT diagrams and text)?
109.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Molluscs are unsegmented, but their bodies show distinct regions called head, muscular foot, and visceral hump.
Reason (R): The presence of calcareous shell divides the molluscan body internally into segments.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Molluscs are unsegmented, but their bodies show distinct regions called head, muscular foot, and visceral hump.
Reason (R): The presence of calcareous shell divides the molluscan body internally into segments.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
110.Read the following statements regarding the mosquito vectors listed in NCERT:
I. Anopheles is a vector.
II. Culex is a vector.
III. Aedes is a vector.
IV. All three are genera of mosquitoes that act as vectors in Phylum Arthropoda.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Anopheles is a vector.
II. Culex is a vector.
III. Aedes is a vector.
IV. All three are genera of mosquitoes that act as vectors in Phylum Arthropoda.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
111.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Arthropods can perceive their environment through both simple and compound eyes.
Reason (R): Compound eyes are composed of multiple independent visual units called ommatidia that help in image formation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Arthropods can perceive their environment through both simple and compound eyes.
Reason (R): Compound eyes are composed of multiple independent visual units called ommatidia that help in image formation.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
112.Which of the following statements regarding the radula of Molluscs is correct according to the NCERT?
I. It is located in the mouth of molluscs.
II. It is a file-like rasping organ.
III. It is utilized by the animal for feeding.
IV. It is present in all molluscs except Pila.
Choose the correct option:
I. It is located in the mouth of molluscs.
II. It is a file-like rasping organ.
III. It is utilized by the animal for feeding.
IV. It is present in all molluscs except Pila.
Choose the correct option:
113.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Arthropods are mostly viviparous and fertilization is external.
Reason (R): Development in arthropods is always direct.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Arthropods are mostly viviparous and fertilization is external.
Reason (R): Development in arthropods is always direct.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
114.Which of the following matches are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Sepia - Cuttlefish
II. Loligo - Squid
III. Octopus - Devil fish
IV. Aplysia - Sea-hare
Choose the correct option:
I. Sepia - Cuttlefish
II. Loligo - Squid
III. Octopus - Devil fish
IV. Aplysia - Sea-hare
Choose the correct option:
115.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The skin layer that forms a mantle in Molluscs is soft and spongy.
Reason (R): The mantle is formed over the muscular foot of the mollusc.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The skin layer that forms a mantle in Molluscs is soft and spongy.
Reason (R): The mantle is formed over the muscular foot of the mollusc.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
116.Which of the following statements regarding the name origin of Arthropods are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Arthros means joint.
II. Poda means appendages.
III. The name Arthropoda refers to the presence of jointed appendages.
IV. They are the only phylum with jointed legs.
Choose the correct option:
I. Arthros means joint.
II. Poda means appendages.
III. The name Arthropoda refers to the presence of jointed appendages.
IV. They are the only phylum with jointed legs.
Choose the correct option:
117.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The unsegmented body of Molluscs is protected by a calcareous shell.
Reason (R): Molluscs exhibit organ-system level of organisation, bilateral symmetry, and are triploblastic, coelomate animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The unsegmented body of Molluscs is protected by a calcareous shell.
Reason (R): Molluscs exhibit organ-system level of organisation, bilateral symmetry, and are triploblastic, coelomate animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
118.Which of the following matches are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Dentalium - Tusk shell
II. Chaetopleura - Chiton
III. Aplysia - Sea-hare
IV. Pinctada - Pearl oyster
Choose the correct option:
I. Dentalium - Tusk shell
II. Chaetopleura - Chiton
III. Aplysia - Sea-hare
IV. Pinctada - Pearl oyster
Choose the correct option:
119.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The feather-like gills of molluscs are responsible for exchange of gases and removal of metabolic wastes.
Reason (R): These gills are located in the mantle cavity of the mollusc.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The feather-like gills of molluscs are responsible for exchange of gases and removal of metabolic wastes.
Reason (R): These gills are located in the mantle cavity of the mollusc.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
120.Which of the following statements are consistent with the NCERT text regarding the two largest animal phyla?
I. Arthropods represent the largest animal phylum with jointed appendages.
II. Molluscs represent the second largest phylum with unsegmented bodies.
III. Both phyla contain members with calcareous structures (calcareous shell in Molluscs, and calcareous exoskeleton in Arthropods).
IV. Both phyla are coelomates with organ-system level of organisation.
Choose the correct option:
I. Arthropods represent the largest animal phylum with jointed appendages.
II. Molluscs represent the second largest phylum with unsegmented bodies.
III. Both phyla contain members with calcareous structures (calcareous shell in Molluscs, and calcareous exoskeleton in Arthropods).
IV. Both phyla are coelomates with organ-system level of organisation.
Choose the correct option:
121.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Echinoderms are commonly known as spiny-bodied animals.
Reason (R): These animals have an exoskeleton of chitinous plates and spines.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Echinoderms are commonly known as spiny-bodied animals.
Reason (R): These animals have an exoskeleton of chitinous plates and spines.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
122.Consider the following statements regarding the symmetry and habitat of Echinoderms:
I. All echinoderms are marine.
II. Adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical.
III. Larval echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical.
IV. In Figure 4.4, Echinodermata is grouped under bilateral symmetry because of its larval stage.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. All echinoderms are marine.
II. Adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical.
III. Larval echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical.
IV. In Figure 4.4, Echinodermata is grouped under bilateral symmetry because of its larval stage.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
123.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The digestive system in Echinoderms is complete.
Reason (R): In Echinoderms, the mouth is on the dorsal (upper) side and the anus is on the ventral (lower) side.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The digestive system in Echinoderms is complete.
Reason (R): In Echinoderms, the mouth is on the dorsal (upper) side and the anus is on the ventral (lower) side.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
124.Which of the following statements regarding the water vascular system of Echinoderms are correct according to the NCERT?
I. It is the most distinctive feature of echinoderms.
II. It helps in locomotion.
III. It helps in capture and transport of food.
IV. It helps in respiration.
V. It is also used as an excretory organ to excrete nitrogenous wastes.
Choose the correct option:
I. It is the most distinctive feature of echinoderms.
II. It helps in locomotion.
III. It helps in capture and transport of food.
IV. It helps in respiration.
V. It is also used as an excretory organ to excrete nitrogenous wastes.
Choose the correct option:
125.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Echinoderms, fertilisation is usually internal and development is direct.
Reason (R): Sexes in Echinoderms are separate, and reproduction is sexual.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Echinoderms, fertilisation is usually internal and development is direct.
Reason (R): Sexes in Echinoderms are separate, and reproduction is sexual.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
126.Which of the following matches between Echinoderm genus and common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Asterias - Star fish
II. Echinus - Sea urchin
III. Antedon - Sea lily
IV. Cucumaria - Sea cucumber
V. Ophiura - Brittle star
Choose the correct option:
I. Asterias - Star fish
II. Echinus - Sea urchin
III. Antedon - Sea lily
IV. Cucumaria - Sea cucumber
V. Ophiura - Brittle star
Choose the correct option:
127.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Hemichordata is currently placed as a separate phylum under Non-chordata.
Reason (R): Hemichordates possess a rudimentary structure in the collar region called stomochord, which is similar to notochord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Hemichordata is currently placed as a separate phylum under Non-chordata.
Reason (R): Hemichordates possess a rudimentary structure in the collar region called stomochord, which is similar to notochord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
128.Which of the following statements regarding Phylum Hemichordata are correct according to the NCERT?
I. It consists of a small group of worm-like marine animals.
II. The body is cylindrical and composed of an anterior collar, a proboscis, and a long trunk.
III. Circulatory system is of open type.
IV. Respiration takes place through gills.
V. Excretory organ is the proboscis gland.
Choose the correct option:
I. It consists of a small group of worm-like marine animals.
II. The body is cylindrical and composed of an anterior collar, a proboscis, and a long trunk.
III. Circulatory system is of open type.
IV. Respiration takes place through gills.
V. Excretory organ is the proboscis gland.
Choose the correct option:
129.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Hemichordates, fertilisation is external and development is indirect.
Reason (R): Hemichordates are dioecious animals, meaning sexes are separate.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Hemichordates, fertilisation is external and development is indirect.
Reason (R): Hemichordates are dioecious animals, meaning sexes are separate.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
130.Which of the following fundamental features characterize animals belonging to Phylum Chordata according to the NCERT?
I. Presence of a notochord.
II. Presence of a dorsal, hollow and single nerve cord.
III. Presence of paired pharyngeal gill slits.
IV. Presence of a post-anal tail.
V. Presence of a ventral heart.
Choose the correct option:
I. Presence of a notochord.
II. Presence of a dorsal, hollow and single nerve cord.
III. Presence of paired pharyngeal gill slits.
IV. Presence of a post-anal tail.
V. Presence of a ventral heart.
Choose the correct option:
131.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In chordates, the central nervous system is dorsal, hollow and single.
Reason (R): In non-chordates, the central nervous system is ventral, solid and double.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In chordates, the central nervous system is dorsal, hollow and single.
Reason (R): In non-chordates, the central nervous system is ventral, solid and double.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
132.Which of the following differences between Chordates and Non-chordates listed in Table 4.1 are correct?
I. Chordates: Notochord present | Non-chordates: Notochord absent.
II. Chordates: Pharynx perforated by gill slits | Non-chordates: Gill slits are absent.
III. Chordates: Heart is dorsal | Non-chordates: Heart is ventral (if present).
IV. Chordates: Post-anal tail is present | Non-chordates: Post-anal tail is absent.
Choose the correct option:
I. Chordates: Notochord present | Non-chordates: Notochord absent.
II. Chordates: Pharynx perforated by gill slits | Non-chordates: Gill slits are absent.
III. Chordates: Heart is dorsal | Non-chordates: Heart is ventral (if present).
IV. Chordates: Post-anal tail is present | Non-chordates: Post-anal tail is absent.
Choose the correct option:
133.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Phylum Chordata is divided into three subphyla: Urochordata, Cephalochordata and Vertebrata.
Reason (R): Urochordata and Cephalochordata are often referred to as protochordates and are exclusively marine.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Phylum Chordata is divided into three subphyla: Urochordata, Cephalochordata and Vertebrata.
Reason (R): Urochordata and Cephalochordata are often referred to as protochordates and are exclusively marine.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
134.Read the following statements regarding the distribution of notochord in protochordates:
I. In Urochordata, notochord is present only in larval tail.
II. In Cephalochordata, notochord extends from head to tail region.
III. In Cephalochordata, notochord is persistent throughout their life.
IV. In both subphyla, the notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in the adult.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. In Urochordata, notochord is present only in larval tail.
II. In Cephalochordata, notochord extends from head to tail region.
III. In Cephalochordata, notochord is persistent throughout their life.
IV. In both subphyla, the notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in the adult.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
135.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Ascidia, Salpa, and Doliolum are examples of Subphylum Urochordata.
Reason (R): Branchiostoma is an example of Subphylum Cephalochordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Ascidia, Salpa, and Doliolum are examples of Subphylum Urochordata.
Reason (R): Branchiostoma is an example of Subphylum Cephalochordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
136.Consider the following statements regarding the Subphylum Vertebrata:
I. Members of Subphylum Vertebrata possess notochord during the embryonic period.
II. The notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult.
III. All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.
IV. Vertebrates lack a ventral muscular heart.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Members of Subphylum Vertebrata possess notochord during the embryonic period.
II. The notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult.
III. All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.
IV. Vertebrates lack a ventral muscular heart.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
137.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In vertebrates, excretion and osmoregulation are performed by kidneys.
Reason (R): Vertebrates have a ventral muscular heart with two, three or four chambers.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In vertebrates, excretion and osmoregulation are performed by kidneys.
Reason (R): Vertebrates have a ventral muscular heart with two, three or four chambers.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
138.Which of the following statements regarding the paired appendages of Vertebrates are correct according to the NCERT?
I. They are always in pairs.
II. They may be fins or limbs.
III. They are present in all chordates.
IV. In protochordates, they are represented by lateral folds.
Choose the correct option:
I. They are always in pairs.
II. They may be fins or limbs.
III. They are present in all chordates.
IV. In protochordates, they are represented by lateral folds.
Choose the correct option:
139.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Cephalochordates are considered more advanced protochordates than Urochordates.
Reason (R): In Cephalochordates, the notochord extends from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Cephalochordates are considered more advanced protochordates than Urochordates.
Reason (R): In Cephalochordates, the notochord extends from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
140.Which of the following names correspond to the same organism in Subphylum Cephalochordata according to the NCERT?
I. Branchiostoma
II. Amphioxus
III. Lancelet
IV. Doliolum
Choose the correct option:
I. Branchiostoma
II. Amphioxus
III. Lancelet
IV. Doliolum
Choose the correct option:
141.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Adult echinoderms have a complete digestive system despite their radial symmetry.
Reason (R): In echinoderms, the mouth is on the lower side and the anus is on the upper side.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Adult echinoderms have a complete digestive system despite their radial symmetry.
Reason (R): In echinoderms, the mouth is on the lower side and the anus is on the upper side.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
142.Read the following statements regarding the body regions of Hemichordates:
I. The body is cylindrical.
II. The anterior-most part is the collar.
III. The middle part is the proboscis.
IV. The posterior part is a long trunk.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The body is cylindrical.
II. The anterior-most part is the collar.
III. The middle part is the proboscis.
IV. The posterior part is a long trunk.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
143.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The stomochord of Hemichordates is located in the proboscis region.
Reason (R): Stomochord is a rudimentary structure similar to notochord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The stomochord of Hemichordates is located in the proboscis region.
Reason (R): Stomochord is a rudimentary structure similar to notochord.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
144.Which of the following statements regarding the vertebrate heart are correct according to the NCERT?
I. All vertebrates possess a heart.
II. The heart is always ventral and muscular.
III. The heart can have two, three or four chambers.
IV. The heart chambers count increases with the level of organisation from Cyclostomes to Mammals.
Choose the correct option:
I. All vertebrates possess a heart.
II. The heart is always ventral and muscular.
III. The heart can have two, three or four chambers.
IV. The heart chambers count increases with the level of organisation from Cyclostomes to Mammals.
Choose the correct option:
145.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Echinoderms do not possess any kidneys or nephridia.
Reason (R): An excretory system is absent in Echinoderms.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Echinoderms do not possess any kidneys or nephridia.
Reason (R): An excretory system is absent in Echinoderms.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
146.Analyze the famous statement: 'All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.' Identify the correct supporting reasons according to the NCERT:
I. Notochord is present during the embryonic period in vertebrates.
II. In adult vertebrates, the notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column.
III. Protochordates (Urochordata and Cephalochordata) have a notochord but never develop a vertebral column.
IV. Vertebrates belong to a separate phylum than Chordates.
Choose the correct option:
I. Notochord is present during the embryonic period in vertebrates.
II. In adult vertebrates, the notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column.
III. Protochordates (Urochordata and Cephalochordata) have a notochord but never develop a vertebral column.
IV. Vertebrates belong to a separate phylum than Chordates.
Choose the correct option:
147.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Protochordates are exclusively marine organisms.
Reason (R): Protochordates include both Urochordata and Cephalochordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Protochordates are exclusively marine organisms.
Reason (R): Protochordates include both Urochordata and Cephalochordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
148.Which of the following matches are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Ascidia - Urochordata
II. Salpa - Urochordata
III. Doliolum - Urochordata
IV. Branchiostoma - Cephalochordata
Choose the correct option:
I. Ascidia - Urochordata
II. Salpa - Urochordata
III. Doliolum - Urochordata
IV. Branchiostoma - Cephalochordata
Choose the correct option:
149.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Branchiostoma, the notochord is present only during early embryonic life and is lost in the adult stage.
Reason (R): Branchiostoma belongs to the subphylum Cephalochordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Branchiostoma, the notochord is present only during early embryonic life and is lost in the adult stage.
Reason (R): Branchiostoma belongs to the subphylum Cephalochordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
150.Which of the following statements are consistent with the NCERT text regarding Echinoderms, Hemichordates, and Chordates?
I. Echinoderms are spiny-bodied coelomates with a complete digestive system and a water vascular system.
II. Hemichordates are worm-like marine animals with a cylindrical body and an open circulatory system.
III. Chordates have a dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord, and paired pharyngeal gill slits.
IV. Excretory organs are: absent in Echinoderms, proboscis gland in Hemichordates, and kidneys in Vertebrates.
Choose the correct option:
I. Echinoderms are spiny-bodied coelomates with a complete digestive system and a water vascular system.
II. Hemichordates are worm-like marine animals with a cylindrical body and an open circulatory system.
III. Chordates have a dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord, and paired pharyngeal gill slits.
IV. Excretory organs are: absent in Echinoderms, proboscis gland in Hemichordates, and kidneys in Vertebrates.
Choose the correct option:
151.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): All living members of the class Cyclostomata are ectoparasites on some fishes.
Reason (R): Cyclostomes have a sucking and circular mouth with rudimentary jaws.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): All living members of the class Cyclostomata are ectoparasites on some fishes.
Reason (R): Cyclostomes have a sucking and circular mouth with rudimentary jaws.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
152.Read the following statements regarding the anatomy of Cyclostomes:
I. They have an elongated body.
II. Their body bears 6-15 pairs of gill slits for respiration.
III. Their body is covered by thin, placoid scales.
IV. They have paired pectoral and pelvic fins.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. They have an elongated body.
II. Their body bears 6-15 pairs of gill slits for respiration.
III. Their body is covered by thin, placoid scales.
IV. They have paired pectoral and pelvic fins.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
153.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Cyclostomes, the cranium and vertebral column are bony, providing a rigid support.
Reason (R): Cyclostomes exhibit a closed type of circulatory system.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Cyclostomes, the cranium and vertebral column are bony, providing a rigid support.
Reason (R): Cyclostomes exhibit a closed type of circulatory system.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
154.Which of the following statement combinations correctly describes the life cycle and migration of Cyclostomes according to the NCERT?
I. Cyclostomes are marine but migrate for spawning to fresh water.
II. After spawning, within a few days, they die.
III. Their larvae, after metamorphosis, return to the ocean.
IV. They spend their entire adult life in fresh water and return to the ocean only to spawn.
Choose the correct option:
I. Cyclostomes are marine but migrate for spawning to fresh water.
II. After spawning, within a few days, they die.
III. Their larvae, after metamorphosis, return to the ocean.
IV. They spend their entire adult life in fresh water and return to the ocean only to spawn.
Choose the correct option:
155.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Petromyzon is commonly known as hagfish, whereas Myxine is commonly known as lamprey.
Reason (R): Both Petromyzon and Myxine are jawless vertebrates belonging to the class Cyclostomata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Petromyzon is commonly known as hagfish, whereas Myxine is commonly known as lamprey.
Reason (R): Both Petromyzon and Myxine are jawless vertebrates belonging to the class Cyclostomata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
156.Consider the following statements regarding Class Chondrichthyes:
I. They are marine animals with streamlined body.
II. They have a cartilaginous endoskeleton.
III. Notochord is persistent throughout life.
IV. The mouth is located terminally.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. They are marine animals with streamlined body.
II. They have a cartilaginous endoskeleton.
III. Notochord is persistent throughout life.
IV. The mouth is located terminally.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
157.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In cartilaginous fishes, the gill slits are separate and covered by an operculum.
Reason (R): The skin of cartilaginous fishes is tough, containing minute placoid scales.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In cartilaginous fishes, the gill slits are separate and covered by an operculum.
Reason (R): The skin of cartilaginous fishes is tough, containing minute placoid scales.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
158.Read the following statements regarding the jaws and teeth of Cartilaginous fishes:
I. Teeth are modified placoid scales which are backwardly directed.
II. Their jaws are very powerful.
III. These animals are active predators.
IV. Their teeth are modified cycloid scales which are forwardly directed.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Teeth are modified placoid scales which are backwardly directed.
II. Their jaws are very powerful.
III. These animals are active predators.
IV. Their teeth are modified cycloid scales which are forwardly directed.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
159.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Cartilaginous fishes must swim constantly to avoid sinking.
Reason (R): Cartilaginous fishes lack an air bladder to regulate buoyancy.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Cartilaginous fishes must swim constantly to avoid sinking.
Reason (R): Cartilaginous fishes lack an air bladder to regulate buoyancy.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
160.Identify the correct combinations of specialized organs and cartilaginous fish genera according to the NCERT:
I. Torpedo - possesses electric organs
II. Trygon - possesses poison sting
III. Scoliodon - possesses electric organs
IV. Pristis - possesses poison sting
Choose the correct option:
I. Torpedo - possesses electric organs
II. Trygon - possesses poison sting
III. Scoliodon - possesses electric organs
IV. Pristis - possesses poison sting
Choose the correct option:
161.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In male cartilaginous fishes, pelvic fins bear claspers that assist in external fertilisation.
Reason (R): Many cartilaginous fishes are viviparous.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In male cartilaginous fishes, pelvic fins bear claspers that assist in external fertilisation.
Reason (R): Many cartilaginous fishes are viviparous.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
162.Which of the following matches between cartilaginous fish genus and common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Scoliodon - Dog fish
II. Pristis - Saw fish
III. Carcharodon - Great white shark
IV. Trygon - Sting ray
Choose the correct option:
I. Scoliodon - Dog fish
II. Pristis - Saw fish
III. Carcharodon - Great white shark
IV. Trygon - Sting ray
Choose the correct option:
163.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Class Osteichthyes includes only marine bony fishes.
Reason (R): They have a bony endoskeleton and a streamlined body shape.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Class Osteichthyes includes only marine bony fishes.
Reason (R): They have a bony endoskeleton and a streamlined body shape.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
164.Read the following statements regarding the mouth and gill structures of Bony fishes:
I. Mouth is located ventrally in most bony fishes.
II. Mouth is mostly terminal.
III. They have four pairs of gills.
IV. Gills are covered by an operculum on each side.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Mouth is located ventrally in most bony fishes.
II. Mouth is mostly terminal.
III. They have four pairs of gills.
IV. Gills are covered by an operculum on each side.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
165.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The skin of bony fishes is covered with placoid scales.
Reason (R): Air bladder is present in bony fishes to regulate buoyancy.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The skin of bony fishes is covered with placoid scales.
Reason (R): Air bladder is present in bony fishes to regulate buoyancy.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
166.Which of the following reproductive features of bony fishes are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Sexes are separate.
II. Fertilisation is usually external.
III. They are mostly viviparous.
IV. Development is direct.
Choose the correct option:
I. Sexes are separate.
II. Fertilisation is usually external.
III. They are mostly viviparous.
IV. Development is direct.
Choose the correct option:
167.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Exocoetus and Hippocampus are freshwater bony fishes.
Reason (R): Labeo, Catla, and Clarias are marine bony fishes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Exocoetus and Hippocampus are freshwater bony fishes.
Reason (R): Labeo, Catla, and Clarias are marine bony fishes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
168.Which of the following aquarium bony fishes are correctly matched with their common names in the NCERT?
I. Betta - Fighting fish
II. Pterophyllum - Angelfish
III. Hippocampus - Sea horse
IV. Exocoetus - Flying fish
Choose the correct option for aquarium fish only:
I. Betta - Fighting fish
II. Pterophyllum - Angelfish
III. Hippocampus - Sea horse
IV. Exocoetus - Flying fish
Choose the correct option for aquarium fish only:
169.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Gills in cartilaginous fishes do not require an operculum to function, whereas bony fishes possess an operculum on each side.
Reason (R): Cartilaginous fishes have separate gill slits, while bony fishes have four pairs of gills.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Gills in cartilaginous fishes do not require an operculum to function, whereas bony fishes possess an operculum on each side.
Reason (R): Cartilaginous fishes have separate gill slits, while bony fishes have four pairs of gills.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
170.Which of the following statements regarding the temperature regulation of fishes are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Both cartilaginous and bony fishes are poikilothermous.
II. Poikilothermous animals are cold-blooded.
III. They lack the capacity to regulate their body temperature.
IV. They have a constant internal body temperature regardless of environmental temperature.
Choose the correct option:
I. Both cartilaginous and bony fishes are poikilothermous.
II. Poikilothermous animals are cold-blooded.
III. They lack the capacity to regulate their body temperature.
IV. They have a constant internal body temperature regardless of environmental temperature.
Choose the correct option:
171.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Placoid scales and cycloid scales are structurally different body coverings found in cartilaginous and bony fishes respectively.
Reason (R): Placoid scales are modified into teeth in cartilaginous fishes, whereas bony fishes have cycloid or ctenoid scales.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Placoid scales and cycloid scales are structurally different body coverings found in cartilaginous and bony fishes respectively.
Reason (R): Placoid scales are modified into teeth in cartilaginous fishes, whereas bony fishes have cycloid or ctenoid scales.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
172.Consider the broad division of Subphylum Vertebrata shown in NCERT. Identify the correct statement combinations:
I. Vertebrata is divided into Agnatha (lacks jaw) and Gnathostomata (bears jaw).
II. Agnatha is represented by the class Cyclostomata.
III. Gnathostomata is divided into two super-classes: Pisces (bear fins) and Tetrapoda (bear limbs).
IV. Pisces includes Class Chondrichthyes and Class Osteichthyes.
V. Tetrapoda includes Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia.
Choose the correct option according to the text and chart:
I. Vertebrata is divided into Agnatha (lacks jaw) and Gnathostomata (bears jaw).
II. Agnatha is represented by the class Cyclostomata.
III. Gnathostomata is divided into two super-classes: Pisces (bear fins) and Tetrapoda (bear limbs).
IV. Pisces includes Class Chondrichthyes and Class Osteichthyes.
V. Tetrapoda includes Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia.
Choose the correct option according to the text and chart:
173.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Cyclostomes have a smooth body surface that lacks scale coverings.
Reason (R): Their body is devoid of scales and paired fins.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Cyclostomes have a smooth body surface that lacks scale coverings.
Reason (R): Their body is devoid of scales and paired fins.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
174.Which of the following statements regarding the reproductive structures of cartilaginous fishes are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Sexes are separate.
II. In males, pelvic fins bear claspers.
III. In females, pectoral fins bear claspers.
IV. Claspers are used to transfer gametes during internal fertilisation.
Choose the correct option:
I. Sexes are separate.
II. In males, pelvic fins bear claspers.
III. In females, pectoral fins bear claspers.
IV. Claspers are used to transfer gametes during internal fertilisation.
Choose the correct option:
175.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Cartilaginous fishes have a streamlined body shape that reduces friction in water.
Reason (R): Cartilaginous fishes are marine animals with a bony endoskeleton.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Cartilaginous fishes have a streamlined body shape that reduces friction in water.
Reason (R): Cartilaginous fishes are marine animals with a bony endoskeleton.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
176.Which of the following statements regarding the gills of bony fishes are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Bony fishes have four pairs of gills.
II. Gills are covered by an operculum on each side.
III. They have four opercula in total.
IV. They have two opercula in total.
Choose the correct option:
I. Bony fishes have four pairs of gills.
II. Gills are covered by an operculum on each side.
III. They have four opercula in total.
IV. They have two opercula in total.
Choose the correct option:
177.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Bony fishes do not need to swim constantly to avoid sinking.
Reason (R): Bony fishes possess an air bladder that regulates their buoyancy.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Bony fishes do not need to swim constantly to avoid sinking.
Reason (R): Bony fishes possess an air bladder that regulates their buoyancy.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
178.Which of the following matches are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Exocoetus - Flying fish (Marine)
II. Hippocampus - Sea horse (Marine)
III. Labeo - Rohu (Freshwater)
IV. Clarias - Magur (Freshwater)
Choose the correct option:
I. Exocoetus - Flying fish (Marine)
II. Hippocampus - Sea horse (Marine)
III. Labeo - Rohu (Freshwater)
IV. Clarias - Magur (Freshwater)
Choose the correct option:
179.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Cyclostomes have 6-15 pairs of gill slits for respiration.
Reason (R): Bony fishes have 4 pairs of gills covered by an operculum on each side.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Cyclostomes have 6-15 pairs of gill slits for respiration.
Reason (R): Bony fishes have 4 pairs of gills covered by an operculum on each side.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
180.Which of the following statement combinations correctly compares Cyclostomes, Cartilaginous fishes, and Bony fishes?
I. Cyclostomes lack jaws and scales, Chondrichthyes have jaws and placoid scales, and Osteichthyes have jaws and cycloid/ctenoid scales.
II. Cyclostomes have a cartilaginous skeleton, Chondrichthyes have a cartilaginous skeleton, and Osteichthyes have a bony skeleton.
III. Cyclostomes have 6-15 pairs of gill slits, Chondrichthyes have separate gill slits without operculum, and Osteichthyes have 4 pairs of gills with operculum.
IV. Cyclostomes have an open circulatory system, whereas Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes have closed circulatory systems.
Choose the correct option:
I. Cyclostomes lack jaws and scales, Chondrichthyes have jaws and placoid scales, and Osteichthyes have jaws and cycloid/ctenoid scales.
II. Cyclostomes have a cartilaginous skeleton, Chondrichthyes have a cartilaginous skeleton, and Osteichthyes have a bony skeleton.
III. Cyclostomes have 6-15 pairs of gill slits, Chondrichthyes have separate gill slits without operculum, and Osteichthyes have 4 pairs of gills with operculum.
IV. Cyclostomes have an open circulatory system, whereas Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes have closed circulatory systems.
Choose the correct option:
181.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The skin of amphibians is moist and covered with small, smooth scales.
Reason (R): Amphibians can live both in aquatic as well as terrestrial habitats.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The skin of amphibians is moist and covered with small, smooth scales.
Reason (R): Amphibians can live both in aquatic as well as terrestrial habitats.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
182.Read the following statements regarding the sensory and organ pathways of Amphibians:
I. The body is divisible into head and trunk.
II. Tail may be present in some amphibians.
III. Eyes have eyelids.
IV. A tympanum represents the ear.
V. Alimentary canal, urinary and reproductive tracts open into a common chamber called cloaca which opens to the exterior.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The body is divisible into head and trunk.
II. Tail may be present in some amphibians.
III. Eyes have eyelids.
IV. A tympanum represents the ear.
V. Alimentary canal, urinary and reproductive tracts open into a common chamber called cloaca which opens to the exterior.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
183.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Respiration in adult amphibians occurs only through lungs and skin.
Reason (R): Gills are present only in the larval stages of amphibians.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Respiration in adult amphibians occurs only through lungs and skin.
Reason (R): Gills are present only in the larval stages of amphibians.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
184.Which of the following reproductive features of amphibians are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Sexes are separate.
II. Fertilisation is internal.
III. They are mostly viviparous.
IV. Development is indirect.
Choose the correct option:
I. Sexes are separate.
II. Fertilisation is internal.
III. They are mostly viviparous.
IV. Development is indirect.
Choose the correct option:
185.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Bufo is commonly known as frog, whereas Rana is commonly known as toad.
Reason (R): Ichthyophis is a limbless amphibian.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Bufo is commonly known as frog, whereas Rana is commonly known as toad.
Reason (R): Ichthyophis is a limbless amphibian.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
186.Consider the following statements regarding the locomotion and skin of Class Reptilia:
I. The class name refers to their creeping or crawling mode of locomotion.
II. They are mostly terrestrial animals.
III. Their body is covered by dry and cornified skin.
IV. They have epidermal scales or scutes.
V. They have dermal denticles similar to placoid scales.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The class name refers to their creeping or crawling mode of locomotion.
II. They are mostly terrestrial animals.
III. Their body is covered by dry and cornified skin.
IV. They have epidermal scales or scutes.
V. They have dermal denticles similar to placoid scales.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
187.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Reptiles do not have external ear openings.
Reason (R): In reptiles, a tympanum represents the ear.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Reptiles do not have external ear openings.
Reason (R): In reptiles, a tympanum represents the ear.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
188.Which of the following statements regarding the heart of reptiles are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Heart is usually three-chambered.
II. In crocodiles, the heart is four-chambered.
III. Reptiles are warm-blooded animals.
IV. Heart is always four-chambered in all reptilian species.
Choose the correct option:
I. Heart is usually three-chambered.
II. In crocodiles, the heart is four-chambered.
III. Reptiles are warm-blooded animals.
IV. Heart is always four-chambered in all reptilian species.
Choose the correct option:
189.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Snakes and lizards shed their scales as skin cast.
Reason (R): This ecdysis process helps in removing external parasites and allows for growth.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Snakes and lizards shed their scales as skin cast.
Reason (R): This ecdysis process helps in removing external parasites and allows for growth.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
190.Which of the following matches between reptilian genus and common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Chelone - Turtle
II. Testudo - Tortoise
III. Chameleon - Tree lizard
IV. Calotes - Garden lizard
V. Crocodilus - Crocodile
VI. Alligator - Alligator
VII. Hemidactylus - Wall lizard
Choose the correct option:
I. Chelone - Turtle
II. Testudo - Tortoise
III. Chameleon - Tree lizard
IV. Calotes - Garden lizard
V. Crocodilus - Crocodile
VI. Alligator - Alligator
VII. Hemidactylus - Wall lizard
Choose the correct option:
191.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Naja, Bangarus, and Vipera are poisonous snakes listed in the NCERT.
Reason (R): Naja is commonly known as krait, Bangarus is cobra, and Vipera is viper.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Naja, Bangarus, and Vipera are poisonous snakes listed in the NCERT.
Reason (R): Naja is commonly known as krait, Bangarus is cobra, and Vipera is viper.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
192.Read the following statements regarding the wings and feathers of Class Aves:
I. The characteristic features of Aves (birds) are the presence of feathers.
II. All birds can fly without exception.
III. They possess a beak.
IV. The forelimbs are modified into wings.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The characteristic features of Aves (birds) are the presence of feathers.
II. All birds can fly without exception.
III. They possess a beak.
IV. The forelimbs are modified into wings.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
193.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The hind limbs of birds generally have scales and are adapted for walking, swimming or clasping the tree branches.
Reason (R): Birds have a dry skin containing epidermal scales throughout their body.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The hind limbs of birds generally have scales and are adapted for walking, swimming or clasping the tree branches.
Reason (R): Birds have a dry skin containing epidermal scales throughout their body.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
194.Which of the following statements regarding the skeletal and digestive systems of birds are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Endoskeleton is fully bony (ossified).
II. Long bones are hollow with air cavities (pneumatic).
III. The digestive tract of birds has additional chambers, the crop and gizzard.
IV. The gizzard is used for food storage, and the crop is used for grinding food.
Choose the correct option:
I. Endoskeleton is fully bony (ossified).
II. Long bones are hollow with air cavities (pneumatic).
III. The digestive tract of birds has additional chambers, the crop and gizzard.
IV. The gizzard is used for food storage, and the crop is used for grinding food.
Choose the correct option:
195.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Birds are homoiothermous, which means they are warm-blooded.
Reason (R): They are able to maintain a constant body temperature despite environmental changes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Birds are homoiothermous, which means they are warm-blooded.
Reason (R): They are able to maintain a constant body temperature despite environmental changes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
196.Read the following statements regarding the respiratory system of birds:
I. Respiration is by lungs.
II. Air sacs connected to lungs supplement respiration.
III. Heart is completely four-chambered.
IV. Air sacs are the primary sites of gas exchange in birds.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Respiration is by lungs.
II. Air sacs connected to lungs supplement respiration.
III. Heart is completely four-chambered.
IV. Air sacs are the primary sites of gas exchange in birds.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
197.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Corvus and Columba are flightless birds.
Reason (R): Struthio is commonly known as parrot, whereas Psittacula is ostrich.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Corvus and Columba are flightless birds.
Reason (R): Struthio is commonly known as parrot, whereas Psittacula is ostrich.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
198.Read the following statements regarding the class Mammalia:
I. They are found in a variety of habitats – polar ice caps, deserts, mountains, forests, grasslands and dark caves.
II. Some of them have adapted to fly or live in water.
III. The most unique mammalian characteristic is the presence of milk producing glands (mammary glands).
IV. The young ones are nourished by the milk producing glands.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. They are found in a variety of habitats – polar ice caps, deserts, mountains, forests, grasslands and dark caves.
II. Some of them have adapted to fly or live in water.
III. The most unique mammalian characteristic is the presence of milk producing glands (mammary glands).
IV. The young ones are nourished by the milk producing glands.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
199.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The skin of mammals is unique compared to other vertebrates.
Reason (R): The skin of mammals uniquely possesses hair.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The skin of mammals is unique compared to other vertebrates.
Reason (R): The skin of mammals uniquely possesses hair.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
200.Which of the following morphological and physiological traits of Mammals are described in the NCERT?
I. They have two pairs of limbs.
II. External ears or pinnae are present.
III. Different types of teeth are present in the jaw.
IV. Heart is four-chambered, and they are homoiothermous.
Choose the correct option:
I. They have two pairs of limbs.
II. External ears or pinnae are present.
III. Different types of teeth are present in the jaw.
IV. Heart is four-chambered, and they are homoiothermous.
Choose the correct option:
201.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): All mammals are viviparous and give birth to young ones.
Reason (R): Fertilisation is internal and development is direct in all mammals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): All mammals are viviparous and give birth to young ones.
Reason (R): Fertilisation is internal and development is direct in all mammals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
202.Which of the following matches between Mammalian genus and common name are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Ornithorhynchus - Platypus
II. Macropus - Kangaroo
III. Pteropus - Flying fox
IV. Camelus - Camel
V. Macaca - Monkey
VI. Rattus - Rat
VII. Canis - Dog
VIII. Felis - Cat
IX. Elephas - Elephant
X. Equus - Horse
XI. Delphinus - Common dolphin
XII. Balaenoptera - Blue whale
XIII. Panthera tigris - Tiger
XIV. Panthera leo - Lion
Choose the correct option:
I. Ornithorhynchus - Platypus
II. Macropus - Kangaroo
III. Pteropus - Flying fox
IV. Camelus - Camel
V. Macaca - Monkey
VI. Rattus - Rat
VII. Canis - Dog
VIII. Felis - Cat
IX. Elephas - Elephant
X. Equus - Horse
XI. Delphinus - Common dolphin
XII. Balaenoptera - Blue whale
XIII. Panthera tigris - Tiger
XIV. Panthera leo - Lion
Choose the correct option:
203.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Ornithorhynchus is grouped under Class Mammalia despite laying eggs.
Reason (R): Ornithorhynchus possesses hair on its skin and milk-producing mammary glands to nourish its young.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Ornithorhynchus is grouped under Class Mammalia despite laying eggs.
Reason (R): Ornithorhynchus possesses hair on its skin and milk-producing mammary glands to nourish its young.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
204.Which of the following matches of vertebrate classes and heart chamber numbers are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Cyclostomata - 2-chambered (not explicitly mentioned in text, but true for fishes/agnathans in general; wait! NCERT does not mention Cyclostome heart chambers in text, so let's stick only to text details).
II. Chondrichthyes - 2-chambered (one auricle, one ventricle).
III. Osteichthyes - 2-chambered (one auricle, one ventricle).
IV. Amphibia - 3-chambered (two auricles, one ventricle).
V. Reptilia - usually 3-chambered (crocodiles 4-chambered).
VI. Aves - 4-chambered.
VII. Mammalia - 4-chambered.
Choose the correct option based on explicit NCERT text matches:
I. Cyclostomata - 2-chambered (not explicitly mentioned in text, but true for fishes/agnathans in general; wait! NCERT does not mention Cyclostome heart chambers in text, so let's stick only to text details).
II. Chondrichthyes - 2-chambered (one auricle, one ventricle).
III. Osteichthyes - 2-chambered (one auricle, one ventricle).
IV. Amphibia - 3-chambered (two auricles, one ventricle).
V. Reptilia - usually 3-chambered (crocodiles 4-chambered).
VI. Aves - 4-chambered.
VII. Mammalia - 4-chambered.
Choose the correct option based on explicit NCERT text matches:
205.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In both amphibians and reptiles, a tympanum represents the ear.
Reason (R): Both amphibians and reptiles have external ear openings.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In both amphibians and reptiles, a tympanum represents the ear.
Reason (R): Both amphibians and reptiles have external ear openings.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
206.Which of the following birds are described as flightless or are penguins (which are flightless, though NCERT lists them as Aptenodytes - Penguin) in the NCERT examples?
I. Struthio
II. Aptenodytes
III. Neophron
IV. Columba
Choose the correct option for flightless birds/penguins based on NCERT examples:
I. Struthio
II. Aptenodytes
III. Neophron
IV. Columba
Choose the correct option for flightless birds/penguins based on NCERT examples:
207.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Some mammals have adapted to fly or live in water.
Reason (R): Pteropus is a flying mammal, and Delphinus and Balaenoptera live in water.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Some mammals have adapted to fly or live in water.
Reason (R): Pteropus is a flying mammal, and Delphinus and Balaenoptera live in water.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
208.Which of the following statements regarding the skin glands of birds are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Skin is dry without glands.
II. An oil gland is present at the base of the tail.
III. Sweat glands are scattered throughout their skin.
IV. Sebaceous glands are present near their beak.
Choose the correct option:
I. Skin is dry without glands.
II. An oil gland is present at the base of the tail.
III. Sweat glands are scattered throughout their skin.
IV. Sebaceous glands are present near their beak.
Choose the correct option:
209.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): All amphibians lack a tail in their adult stage.
Reason (R): Salamandra is an example of an amphibian that possesses a tail.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): All amphibians lack a tail in their adult stage.
Reason (R): Salamandra is an example of an amphibian that possesses a tail.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
210.Which of the following statement combinations correctly compares the four Tetrapod classes according to the NCERT?
I. Amphibians have moist skin without scales; Reptiles have dry cornified skin with epidermal scales; Birds have dry skin with feathers and hind limb scales; Mammals have skin with hair.
II. Amphibians and Reptiles are poikilothermous, while Birds and Mammals are homoiothermous.
III. Amphibians have external fertilisation; Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals have internal fertilisation.
IV. Amphibians, Reptiles, and Birds are oviparous; Mammals are viviparous with few exceptions.
Choose the correct option:
I. Amphibians have moist skin without scales; Reptiles have dry cornified skin with epidermal scales; Birds have dry skin with feathers and hind limb scales; Mammals have skin with hair.
II. Amphibians and Reptiles are poikilothermous, while Birds and Mammals are homoiothermous.
III. Amphibians have external fertilisation; Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals have internal fertilisation.
IV. Amphibians, Reptiles, and Birds are oviparous; Mammals are viviparous with few exceptions.
Choose the correct option:
211.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): According to Table 4.2 in NCERT, the distinctive feature of Arthropoda is an exoskeleton of cuticle and jointed appendages.
Reason (R): The text of Phylum Arthropoda on Page 43 states that their body is covered by a chitinous exoskeleton.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): According to Table 4.2 in NCERT, the distinctive feature of Arthropoda is an exoskeleton of cuticle and jointed appendages.
Reason (R): The text of Phylum Arthropoda on Page 43 states that their body is covered by a chitinous exoskeleton.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
212.According to Table 4.2 in the NCERT, which of the following phyla are correctly matched with their symmetry?
I. Porifera - Various
II. Coelenterata - Radial
III. Ctenophora - Radial
IV. Platyhelminthes - Bilateral
V. Echinodermata - Radial
VI. Hemichordata - Bilateral
Choose the correct option:
I. Porifera - Various
II. Coelenterata - Radial
III. Ctenophora - Radial
IV. Platyhelminthes - Bilateral
V. Echinodermata - Radial
VI. Hemichordata - Bilateral
Choose the correct option:
213.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In Table 4.2, the circulatory system is listed as 'Absent' in Porifera, Coelenterata, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, and Aschelminthes.
Reason (R): Circulatory system is listed as 'Present' in Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, and Chordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In Table 4.2, the circulatory system is listed as 'Absent' in Porifera, Coelenterata, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, and Aschelminthes.
Reason (R): Circulatory system is listed as 'Present' in Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, and Chordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
214.According to Table 4.2 in the NCERT, identify the correct statement combinations regarding the presence or absence of the respiratory system in different phyla:
I. Respiratory system is 'Absent' in Annelida.
II. Respiratory system is 'Present' in Arthropoda.
III. Respiratory system is 'Present' in Mollusca.
IV. Respiratory system is 'Absent' in Echinodermata.
Choose the correct option:
I. Respiratory system is 'Absent' in Annelida.
II. Respiratory system is 'Present' in Arthropoda.
III. Respiratory system is 'Present' in Mollusca.
IV. Respiratory system is 'Absent' in Echinodermata.
Choose the correct option:
215.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): According to Table 4.2, segmentation is 'Present' only in three phyla: Annelida, Arthropoda, and Chordata.
Reason (R): In all other phyla from Porifera to Hemichordata (excluding Annelida/Arthropoda), segmentation is listed as 'Absent'.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): According to Table 4.2, segmentation is 'Present' only in three phyla: Annelida, Arthropoda, and Chordata.
Reason (R): In all other phyla from Porifera to Hemichordata (excluding Annelida/Arthropoda), segmentation is listed as 'Absent'.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
216.According to Table 4.2 in the NCERT, which of the following phyla are correctly matched with their coelom status?
I. Platyhelminthes - Absent
II. Aschelminthes - Pseudocoelomate
III. Annelida - Coelomate
IV. Mollusca - Coelomate
V. Hemichordata - Coelomate
Choose the correct option:
I. Platyhelminthes - Absent
II. Aschelminthes - Pseudocoelomate
III. Annelida - Coelomate
IV. Mollusca - Coelomate
V. Hemichordata - Coelomate
Choose the correct option:
217.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Porifera includes multicellular animals that exhibit cellular level of organisation and have characteristic flagellated choanocytes.
Reason (R): Choanocytes are responsible for maintaining water flow through the canals for feeding and waste removal.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Porifera includes multicellular animals that exhibit cellular level of organisation and have characteristic flagellated choanocytes.
Reason (R): Choanocytes are responsible for maintaining water flow through the canals for feeding and waste removal.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
218.Which of the following statements from the Chapter 4 Summary are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The coelenterates have tentacles and bear cnidoblasts.
II. Coelenterates are mostly aquatic, sessile or free-floating.
III. The ctenophores are marine animals with comb plates.
IV. The parasitic flatworms show distinct suckers and hooks.
V. Aschelminthes are pseudocoelomates and include parasitic as well as non-parasitic roundworms.
Choose the correct option:
I. The coelenterates have tentacles and bear cnidoblasts.
II. Coelenterates are mostly aquatic, sessile or free-floating.
III. The ctenophores are marine animals with comb plates.
IV. The parasitic flatworms show distinct suckers and hooks.
V. Aschelminthes are pseudocoelomates and include parasitic as well as non-parasitic roundworms.
Choose the correct option:
219.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Annelids are metamerically segmented animals with a true coelom.
Reason (R): The arthropods are the most abundant group of animals characterised by the presence of jointed appendages.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Annelids are metamerically segmented animals with a true coelom.
Reason (R): The arthropods are the most abundant group of animals characterised by the presence of jointed appendages.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
220.Which of the following statements from the Chapter 4 Summary are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The molluscs have a soft body surrounded by an external calcareous shell.
II. In molluscs, the body is covered with an external skeleton made of chitin.
III. The echinoderms possess a spiny skin and their most distinctive feature is the presence of a water vascular system.
IV. The hemichordates are a small group of worm-like marine animals with a cylindrical body composed of proboscis, collar and trunk.
Choose the correct option:
I. The molluscs have a soft body surrounded by an external calcareous shell.
II. In molluscs, the body is covered with an external skeleton made of chitin.
III. The echinoderms possess a spiny skin and their most distinctive feature is the presence of a water vascular system.
IV. The hemichordates are a small group of worm-like marine animals with a cylindrical body composed of proboscis, collar and trunk.
Choose the correct option:
221.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Phylum Chordata includes animals which possess a notochord either throughout or during early embryonic life.
Reason (R): Other common features observed in chordates are the dorsal, hollow nerve cord and paired pharyngeal gill slits.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Phylum Chordata includes animals which possess a notochord either throughout or during early embryonic life.
Reason (R): Other common features observed in chordates are the dorsal, hollow nerve cord and paired pharyngeal gill slits.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
222.Which of the following statements from the summary regarding Subphylum Vertebrata are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Some of the vertebrates do not possess jaws (Agnatha) whereas most of them possess jaws (Gnathostomata).
II. Agnatha is represented by the class, Cyclostomata.
III. Cyclostomes are the most primitive chordates and are ectoparasites on fishes.
IV. Gnathostomata has two super classes, Pisces and Tetrapoda.
V. Classes Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes bear fins for locomotion and are grouped under Pisces.
Choose the correct option:
I. Some of the vertebrates do not possess jaws (Agnatha) whereas most of them possess jaws (Gnathostomata).
II. Agnatha is represented by the class, Cyclostomata.
III. Cyclostomes are the most primitive chordates and are ectoparasites on fishes.
IV. Gnathostomata has two super classes, Pisces and Tetrapoda.
V. Classes Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes bear fins for locomotion and are grouped under Pisces.
Choose the correct option:
223.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Classes Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia have two pairs of limbs and are thus grouped under Tetrapoda.
Reason (R): Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are poikilothermous (cold-blooded) animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Classes Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia have two pairs of limbs and are thus grouped under Tetrapoda.
Reason (R): Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are poikilothermous (cold-blooded) animals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
224.Which of the following statements from the summary regarding Birds and Mammals are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Aves are warm-blooded animals with feathers on their bodies and forelimbs modified into wings for flying.
II. Hind limbs in birds are adapted for walking, swimming, perching or clasping.
III. The unique features of mammals are the presence of mammary glands and hairs on the skin.
IV. Mammals commonly exhibit viviparity.
Choose the correct option:
I. Aves are warm-blooded animals with feathers on their bodies and forelimbs modified into wings for flying.
II. Hind limbs in birds are adapted for walking, swimming, perching or clasping.
III. The unique features of mammals are the presence of mammary glands and hairs on the skin.
IV. Mammals commonly exhibit viviparity.
Choose the correct option:
225.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): If common fundamental features were not taken into account during animal classification, we would face severe difficulties in assigning systematic positions to new species.
Reason (R): Over a million species of animals have been described till now, making systematic positions highly variable.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): If common fundamental features were not taken into account during animal classification, we would face severe difficulties in assigning systematic positions to new species.
Reason (R): Over a million species of animals have been described till now, making systematic positions highly variable.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
226.Read the following statements regarding the criteria used for animal classification (linked to Exercise 2):
I. Cells are arranged in different layers (ectoderm and endoderm) in diploblastic animals.
II. Animals can be asymmetrical, radially symmetrical, or bilaterally symmetrical.
III. The body cavity can be lined by mesoderm (coelom), not lined by mesoderm (pseudocoelom), or absent (acoelom).
IV. The notochord is a mesodermally derived structure present only in vertebrates.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Cells are arranged in different layers (ectoderm and endoderm) in diploblastic animals.
II. Animals can be asymmetrical, radially symmetrical, or bilaterally symmetrical.
III. The body cavity can be lined by mesoderm (coelom), not lined by mesoderm (pseudocoelom), or absent (acoelom).
IV. The notochord is a mesodermally derived structure present only in vertebrates.
Which of the statements given above are correct according to the NCERT?
227.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The water vascular system of Echinoderms is a multifactorial survival organ.
Reason (R): It helps the animal in locomotion, capture and transport of food, and respiration.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The water vascular system of Echinoderms is a multifactorial survival organ.
Reason (R): It helps the animal in locomotion, capture and transport of food, and respiration.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
228.Which of the following statement combinations correctly explains the dictum 'All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates' (Exercise 8)?
I. Notochord is a fundamental character of Phylum Chordata.
II. In Subphylum Vertebrata, the notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in the adult.
III. In Subphyla Urochordata and Cephalochordata, the notochord persists or is present in larvae, but is never replaced by a vertebral column.
IV. Vertebrates lack notochord at any stage of their life cycle.
Choose the correct option:
I. Notochord is a fundamental character of Phylum Chordata.
II. In Subphylum Vertebrata, the notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in the adult.
III. In Subphyla Urochordata and Cephalochordata, the notochord persists or is present in larvae, but is never replaced by a vertebral column.
IV. Vertebrates lack notochord at any stage of their life cycle.
Choose the correct option:
229.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The long bones of birds are modified to reduce body weight for flight.
Reason (R): The long bones in birds are hollow and contain air cavities (pneumatic).
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): The long bones of birds are modified to reduce body weight for flight.
Reason (R): The long bones in birds are hollow and contain air cavities (pneumatic).
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
230.Which of the following are unique features of mammals (linked to Exercise 14) described in the NCERT?
I. Presence of milk-producing glands (mammary glands).
II. Presence of hair on the skin.
III. Presence of external ears or pinnae.
IV. Presence of a four-chambered heart.
Choose the correct option for unique features only (not shared with other classes):
I. Presence of milk-producing glands (mammary glands).
II. Presence of hair on the skin.
III. Presence of external ears or pinnae.
IV. Presence of a four-chambered heart.
Choose the correct option for unique features only (not shared with other classes):
231.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In sponges, the pathway of water transport is helpful in food gathering, respiratory exchange and excretion of wastes.
Reason (R): Choanocytes lining the spongocoel capture food particles from the water current.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In sponges, the pathway of water transport is helpful in food gathering, respiratory exchange and excretion of wastes.
Reason (R): Choanocytes lining the spongocoel capture food particles from the water current.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
232.Which of the following statements regarding metagenesis in Obelia are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Polyps represent the asexual generation.
II. Medusae represent the sexual generation.
III. Polyps produce medusae sexually.
IV. Medusae produce polyps asexually.
Choose the correct option:
I. Polyps represent the asexual generation.
II. Medusae represent the sexual generation.
III. Polyps produce medusae sexually.
IV. Medusae produce polyps asexually.
Choose the correct option:
233.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Ctenophores do not exhibit internal fertilisation.
Reason (R): In ctenophores, sexes are not separate, and they reproduce only by sexual means.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Ctenophores do not exhibit internal fertilisation.
Reason (R): In ctenophores, sexes are not separate, and they reproduce only by sexual means.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
234.Which of the following flatworms possess hooks and suckers according to the NCERT examples?
I. Taenia
II. Fasciola
III. Planaria
IV. Schistosoma
Choose the correct option:
I. Taenia
II. Fasciola
III. Planaria
IV. Schistosoma
Choose the correct option:
235.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In roundworms, the ingestion of food is facilitated by a specialized muscular throat.
Reason (R): Alimentary canal in Aschelminthes is complete with a well-developed muscular pharynx.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): In roundworms, the ingestion of food is facilitated by a specialized muscular throat.
Reason (R): Alimentary canal in Aschelminthes is complete with a well-developed muscular pharynx.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
236.Read the following statements regarding the neural system of Annelids:
I. It consists of paired ganglia.
II. Ganglia are connected by lateral nerves.
III. The nerve cord is double.
IV. The nerve cord is ventral.
V. The nerve cord is hollow.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
I. It consists of paired ganglia.
II. Ganglia are connected by lateral nerves.
III. The nerve cord is double.
IV. The nerve cord is ventral.
V. The nerve cord is hollow.
Which of the statement combinations are correct according to the NCERT?
237.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Arthropods can detect sensory stimuli from multiple directions simultaneously.
Reason (R): Sensory organs like antennae and eyes (compound and simple) are present in arthropods.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Arthropods can detect sensory stimuli from multiple directions simultaneously.
Reason (R): Sensory organs like antennae and eyes (compound and simple) are present in arthropods.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
238.Which of the following statements regarding the visceral hump and mantle of Molluscs are correct according to the NCERT?
I. The visceral hump is covered by a soft and spongy layer of skin called the mantle.
II. The space between the visceral hump and the mantle is the mantle cavity.
III. Feather-like gills are located in the mantle cavity.
IV. The muscular foot lies inside the mantle cavity.
Choose the correct option:
I. The visceral hump is covered by a soft and spongy layer of skin called the mantle.
II. The space between the visceral hump and the mantle is the mantle cavity.
III. Feather-like gills are located in the mantle cavity.
IV. The muscular foot lies inside the mantle cavity.
Choose the correct option:
239.Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Echinoderms possess a true coelom lined by mesoderm.
Reason (R): Echinoderms possess a water vascular system that helps in respiration and locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
Assertion (A): Echinoderms possess a true coelom lined by mesoderm.
Reason (R): Echinoderms possess a water vascular system that helps in respiration and locomotion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:
240.Which of the following statements regarding the excretory and respiratory organs of Hemichordates are correct according to the NCERT?
I. Respiration is through gills.
II. Excretory organ is the proboscis gland.
III. The proboscis gland is located in the proboscis region.
IV. Circulatory system is of open type.
Choose the correct option:
I. Respiration is through gills.
II. Excretory organ is the proboscis gland.
III. The proboscis gland is located in the proboscis region.
IV. Circulatory system is of open type.
Choose the correct option:
Answer Key
14
24
34
44
54
62
73
81
92
103
113
122
133
143
152
161
174
184
194
203
212
221
233
241
251
263
272
283
291
304
313
323
332
341
354
361
374
384
392
401
414
423
434
443
452
464
473
482
492
501
512
522
534
543
552
561
573
584
591
602
612
623
632
641
651
662
672
683
692
701
711
722
733
742
754
763
771
782
793
803
814
824
834
843
854
863
873
883
893
903
913
923
933
944
954
963
973
983
992
1004
1014
1023
1034
1043
1053
1063
1071
1082
1093
1102
1114
1124
1133
1142
1154
1162
1173
1183
1193
1203
1212
1223
1231
1242
1254
1263
1273
1281
1294
1301
1313
1323
1332
1343
1351
1362
1372
1382
1394
1404
1414
1421
1432
1442
1453
1464
1473
1484
1494
1501
1511
1521
1531
1541
1554
1562
1572
1582
1591
1602
1613
1623
1633
1644
1651
1662
1671
1684
1694
1701
1714
1722
1731
1742
1751
1761
1772
1783
1793
1804
1813
1821
1834
1843
1853
1863
1872
1884
1894
1902
1914
1921
1933
1942
1952
1962
1972
1984
1992
2004
2014
2021
2034
2043
2051
2064
2071
2081
2094
2102
2113
2122
2133
2144
2151
2164
2172
2183
2194
2203
2212
2221
2232
2242
2254
2262
2273
2282
2291
2301
2311
2324
2333
2343
2354
2362
2372
2381
2394
2404