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NEET ]1[ Contd...
NEET Biology - Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Instructions:
- Each question has four options (1), (2), (3), (4). Choose the most correct answer.
- Each correct answer carries 4 marks.
- Each wrong answer will deduct 1 marks.
- Unanswered questions will not be penalised.
1.Which option best defines the cell cycle according to the uploaded chapter?
2.During cell division, which set of events must be coordinated to ensure correct formation of progeny cells with intact genomes?
3.The two basic phases of the cell cycle are:
4.Which duration statement is correctly matched?
5.In an average 24-hour human cell cycle, which statement is closest to the chapter description?
6.The M phase usually starts and ends with which events respectively?
7.Interphase is correctly subdivided as:
8.Which statement best describes G1 phase?
9.If a diploid cell has 2n chromosomes and DNA content 2C at G1, what is expected after S phase according to the chapter?
10.In animal cells during S phase, the correct location-event pair is:
11.During G2 phase, the chapter highlights:
12.Which statement about G0 phase is correct?
13.Which statement is consistent with the chapter regarding mitotic division?
14.Mitosis is called equational division mainly because:
15.The four stages of mitotic karyokinesis are:
16.Prophase of mitosis follows which interphase phases and is marked by what main event?
17.Which pair is correctly matched for prophase?
18.At the end of prophase, which set is not seen under the microscope according to the chapter?
19.Which event marks the start of metaphase and why is this stage useful for chromosome study?
20.Kinetochores are:
21.The metaphase plate refers to:
22.During mitotic anaphase:
23.Which set of events belongs to telophase?
24.Cytokinesis is best described as:
25.Which comparison of animal and plant cytokinesis is correct?
26.If karyokinesis occurs repeatedly without cytokinesis, the condition formed is:
27.Which outcome is usually associated with mitosis?
28.Which statement correctly represents the significance of mitosis?
29.Meiosis is called reduction division because it:
30.Which feature of meiosis is correctly stated?
31.Correct sequence of prophase I substages is:
32.In leptotene:
33.Synapsis and bivalent formation are most directly associated with:
34.Recombination nodules appear during:
35.Which statement about crossing over is correct?
36.Chiasmata are:
37.Diakinesis is best identified by:
38.At metaphase I and anaphase I respectively:
39.Which statement about interkinesis is correct?
40.Which sequence fits meiosis II?
41.Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is incorrect?
42.Choose the incorrectly matched pair.
43.Which statement is not true for interphase?
44.Identify the incorrect S-phase statement.
45.Which statement about G0 phase is false?
46.Which of the following is not supported by the chapter?
47.Which statement is incorrect regarding M phase/mitosis?
48.Which of the following is not a prophase event in mitosis?
49.Select the incorrect statement about metaphase.
50.Which statement is incorrect?
51.Which of these is not a telophase event?
52.Which statement is incorrect about cytokinesis?
53.Select the wrong statement.
54.Which of the following is not a significance/outcome of mitosis in the chapter?
55.Which statement is not correct for meiosis?
56.Which is the false statement about key features of meiosis?
57.Which statement is incorrect?
58.Which of the following is not true for pachytene/crossing over?
59.Choose the incorrect pair.
60.Which statement is incorrect for meiosis I?
61.Which statement about interkinesis is incorrect?
62.Which of the following is not a feature of meiosis II?
63.Which statement contradicts the significance of meiosis described in the chapter?
64.Identify the correct statements:
A. All organisms, including the largest, start life from a single cell.
B. Growth and reproduction are characteristics of cells and living organisms.
C. All cells reproduce by dividing into three equal daughter cells.
D. Cycles of growth and division allow one cell lineage to form millions of cells.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. All organisms, including the largest, start life from a single cell.
B. Growth and reproduction are characteristics of cells and living organisms.
C. All cells reproduce by dividing into three equal daughter cells.
D. Cycles of growth and division allow one cell lineage to form millions of cells.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
65.Identify the correct statements:
A. DNA replication, cell growth and cell division need coordination.
B. Cell growth is continuous, whereas DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific stage.
C. The cell cycle ends before the cell synthesises other constituents.
D. Distribution of replicated chromosomes to daughter nuclei occurs during cell division.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. DNA replication, cell growth and cell division need coordination.
B. Cell growth is continuous, whereas DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific stage.
C. The cell cycle ends before the cell synthesises other constituents.
D. Distribution of replicated chromosomes to daughter nuclei occurs during cell division.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
66.Identify the correct statements:
A. A typical human cell in culture divides about once every 24 hours.
B. Yeast may complete the cell cycle in about 90 minutes.
C. Cell-cycle duration is fixed for all organisms and all cell types.
D. Interphase lasts more than 95% of the cell-cycle duration.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. A typical human cell in culture divides about once every 24 hours.
B. Yeast may complete the cell cycle in about 90 minutes.
C. Cell-cycle duration is fixed for all organisms and all cell types.
D. Interphase lasts more than 95% of the cell-cycle duration.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
67.Identify the correct statements:
A. M phase represents actual cell division or mitosis.
B. Interphase is between two successive M phases.
C. M phase starts with cytokinesis and usually ends with karyokinesis.
D. Interphase is only a metabolically inactive resting phase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. M phase represents actual cell division or mitosis.
B. Interphase is between two successive M phases.
C. M phase starts with cytokinesis and usually ends with karyokinesis.
D. Interphase is only a metabolically inactive resting phase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
68.Identify the correct statements:
A. G1 lies between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication.
B. S phase doubles DNA content without increasing chromosome number.
C. G2 involves protein synthesis in preparation for mitosis.
D. G1 is the phase where DNA content changes from 2C to 4C.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. G1 lies between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication.
B. S phase doubles DNA content without increasing chromosome number.
C. G2 involves protein synthesis in preparation for mitosis.
D. G1 is the phase where DNA content changes from 2C to 4C.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
69.Identify the correct statements:
A. In animal cells, DNA replication begins in the nucleus during S phase.
B. In animal cells, centriole duplication occurs in the cytoplasm during S phase.
C. During S phase, chromosome number doubles from 2n to 4n.
D. DNA synthesis and DNA replication refer to the S phase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. In animal cells, DNA replication begins in the nucleus during S phase.
B. In animal cells, centriole duplication occurs in the cytoplasm during S phase.
C. During S phase, chromosome number doubles from 2n to 4n.
D. DNA synthesis and DNA replication refer to the S phase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
70.Identify the correct statements:
A. Some adult animal cells, such as heart cells, do not appear to divide.
B. G0 is entered by cells that exit G1.
C. G0 cells are metabolically active.
D. G0 cells proliferate continuously and do not respond to organismal requirement.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Some adult animal cells, such as heart cells, do not appear to divide.
B. G0 is entered by cells that exit G1.
C. G0 cells are metabolically active.
D. G0 cells proliferate continuously and do not respond to organismal requirement.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
71.Identify the correct statements:
A. In animals, mitotic division is usually seen in diploid somatic cells.
B. Male honey bees are cited as a haploid exception.
C. Plants can show mitotic division only in diploid cells.
D. Some lower plants and social insects may show haploid cells dividing by mitosis.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. In animals, mitotic division is usually seen in diploid somatic cells.
B. Male honey bees are cited as a haploid exception.
C. Plants can show mitotic division only in diploid cells.
D. Some lower plants and social insects may show haploid cells dividing by mitosis.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
72.Identify the correct statements:
A. M phase involves major reorganisation of cell components.
B. Mitosis is called equational division.
C. Mitosis is divided into four karyokinetic stages for convenience.
D. Cell division has sharp, universally clear-cut boundaries between stages.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. M phase involves major reorganisation of cell components.
B. Mitosis is called equational division.
C. Mitosis is divided into four karyokinetic stages for convenience.
D. Cell division has sharp, universally clear-cut boundaries between stages.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
73.Identify the correct statements:
A. Prophase follows S and G2 phases.
B. Chromosomal material begins to condense and untangle.
C. Each centrosome radiates microtubules called asters.
D. The nucleolus and nuclear envelope remain prominently visible at the end of prophase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Prophase follows S and G2 phases.
B. Chromosomal material begins to condense and untangle.
C. Each centrosome radiates microtubules called asters.
D. The nucleolus and nuclear envelope remain prominently visible at the end of prophase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
74.Identify the correct statements:
A. Nuclear envelope disintegration marks the start of metaphase.
B. Metaphase is suitable for studying chromosome morphology.
C. Kinetochores are spindle-fibre attachment sites.
D. The metaphase plate is the plate formed during plant cytokinesis.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Nuclear envelope disintegration marks the start of metaphase.
B. Metaphase is suitable for studying chromosome morphology.
C. Kinetochores are spindle-fibre attachment sites.
D. The metaphase plate is the plate formed during plant cytokinesis.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
75.Identify the correct statements:
A. At anaphase onset, chromosomes at the metaphase plate split simultaneously.
B. Daughter chromatids begin migration to opposite poles.
C. The centromere faces away from the pole and trails behind arms.
D. Centromeres split and chromatids separate.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. At anaphase onset, chromosomes at the metaphase plate split simultaneously.
B. Daughter chromatids begin migration to opposite poles.
C. The centromere faces away from the pole and trails behind arms.
D. Centromeres split and chromatids separate.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
76.Identify the correct statements:
A. Chromosomes at poles decondense.
B. Chromosomal identity as discrete elements is lost.
C. Nuclear envelope forms around chromosome clusters at each pole.
D. Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Chromosomes at poles decondense.
B. Chromosomal identity as discrete elements is lost.
C. Nuclear envelope forms around chromosome clusters at each pole.
D. Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
77.Identify the correct statements:
A. Cytokinesis separates the cytoplasm.
B. In animal cells, a furrow in the plasma membrane deepens and joins at the centre.
C. In plant cells, wall formation starts at the centre and grows outward.
D. Cell plate represents the primary nucleus of the daughter cell.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Cytokinesis separates the cytoplasm.
B. In animal cells, a furrow in the plasma membrane deepens and joins at the centre.
C. In plant cells, wall formation starts at the centre and grows outward.
D. Cell plate represents the primary nucleus of the daughter cell.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
78.Identify the correct statements:
A. Mitochondria and plastids are distributed between daughter cells during cytoplasmic division.
B. If karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis, a multinucleate condition may arise.
C. Syncytium is exemplified by liquid endosperm in coconut.
D. Syncytium is a pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Mitochondria and plastids are distributed between daughter cells during cytoplasmic division.
B. If karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis, a multinucleate condition may arise.
C. Syncytium is exemplified by liquid endosperm in coconut.
D. Syncytium is a pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
79.Identify the correct statements:
A. Mitosis usually produces daughter cells with identical genetic complement.
B. It is responsible for growth of multicellular organisms.
C. It helps restore nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio.
D. It is unrelated to cell repair or plant meristem growth.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Mitosis usually produces daughter cells with identical genetic complement.
B. It is responsible for growth of multicellular organisms.
C. It helps restore nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio.
D. It is unrelated to cell repair or plant meristem growth.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
80.Identify the correct statements:
A. Sexual reproduction includes fusion of two haploid gametes.
B. Gametes are formed from specialised diploid cells.
C. Meiosis produces haploid daughter cells.
D. Fertilisation restores the diploid phase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Sexual reproduction includes fusion of two haploid gametes.
B. Gametes are formed from specialised diploid cells.
C. Meiosis produces haploid daughter cells.
D. Fertilisation restores the diploid phase.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
81.Identify the correct statements:
A. Meiosis includes meiosis I and meiosis II.
B. Only one cycle of DNA replication occurs.
C. Pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination occur.
D. Four haploid cells form at the end of meiosis II.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Meiosis includes meiosis I and meiosis II.
B. Only one cycle of DNA replication occurs.
C. Pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination occur.
D. Four haploid cells form at the end of meiosis II.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
82.Identify the correct statements:
A. Prophase I is longer and more complex than mitotic prophase.
B. Leptotene is followed by zygotene.
C. During leptotene, chromosomes become gradually visible.
D. Synapsis begins before leptotene.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Prophase I is longer and more complex than mitotic prophase.
B. Leptotene is followed by zygotene.
C. During leptotene, chromosomes become gradually visible.
D. Synapsis begins before leptotene.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
83.Identify the correct statements:
A. Synaptonemal complex accompanies synapsis.
B. A bivalent or tetrad is formed by a pair of synapsed homologues.
C. Four chromatids of each bivalent become distinct in pachytene.
D. Recombination nodules appear in leptotene.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Synaptonemal complex accompanies synapsis.
B. A bivalent or tetrad is formed by a pair of synapsed homologues.
C. Four chromatids of each bivalent become distinct in pachytene.
D. Recombination nodules appear in leptotene.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
84.Identify the correct statements:
A. Crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
B. Recombination nodules are the sites of crossing over.
C. Recombinase is involved in crossing over.
D. Recombination between homologous chromosomes is completed by the end of diplotene.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
B. Recombination nodules are the sites of crossing over.
C. Recombinase is involved in crossing over.
D. Recombination between homologous chromosomes is completed by the end of diplotene.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
85.Identify the correct statements:
A. Diplotene begins with dissolution of synaptonemal complex.
B. Recombined homologous chromosomes tend to separate except at crossover sites.
C. Chiasmata are X-shaped structures.
D. Diplotene is always the shortest stage in all vertebrate oocytes.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Diplotene begins with dissolution of synaptonemal complex.
B. Recombined homologous chromosomes tend to separate except at crossover sites.
C. Chiasmata are X-shaped structures.
D. Diplotene is always the shortest stage in all vertebrate oocytes.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
86.Identify the correct statements:
A. Diakinesis is marked by terminalisation of chiasmata.
B. Meiotic spindle is assembled during diakinesis.
C. Nucleolus disappears and nuclear envelope breaks down by the end.
D. Diakinesis represents transition to anaphase I.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Diakinesis is marked by terminalisation of chiasmata.
B. Meiotic spindle is assembled during diakinesis.
C. Nucleolus disappears and nuclear envelope breaks down by the end.
D. Diakinesis represents transition to anaphase I.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
87.Identify the correct statements:
A. Bivalents align at the equatorial plate in metaphase I.
B. Microtubules attach to kinetochores of homologous chromosomes in metaphase I.
C. Homologous chromosomes separate in anaphase I.
D. Sister chromatids separate in anaphase I as in anaphase II.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Bivalents align at the equatorial plate in metaphase I.
B. Microtubules attach to kinetochores of homologous chromosomes in metaphase I.
C. Homologous chromosomes separate in anaphase I.
D. Sister chromatids separate in anaphase I as in anaphase II.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
88.Identify the correct statements:
A. Telophase I involves reappearance of nuclear membrane and nucleolus.
B. Cytokinesis after telophase I forms a dyad.
C. DNA replication occurs during interkinesis.
D. Prophase II follows interkinesis and is simpler than prophase I.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Telophase I involves reappearance of nuclear membrane and nucleolus.
B. Cytokinesis after telophase I forms a dyad.
C. DNA replication occurs during interkinesis.
D. Prophase II follows interkinesis and is simpler than prophase I.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
89.Identify the correct statements:
A. Meiosis II resembles normal mitosis.
B. By the end of prophase II, nuclear membrane disappears.
C. In metaphase II, kinetochores of sister chromatids attach to microtubules from opposite poles.
D. In metaphase II, bivalent chromosomes align as homologous pairs.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Meiosis II resembles normal mitosis.
B. By the end of prophase II, nuclear membrane disappears.
C. In metaphase II, kinetochores of sister chromatids attach to microtubules from opposite poles.
D. In metaphase II, bivalent chromosomes align as homologous pairs.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
90.Identify the correct statements:
A. Anaphase II starts with simultaneous centromere splitting.
B. Sister chromatids move toward opposite poles.
C. Telophase II is followed by cytokinesis forming a tetrad of haploid cells.
D. Telophase II produces a dyad of diploid cells.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Anaphase II starts with simultaneous centromere splitting.
B. Sister chromatids move toward opposite poles.
C. Telophase II is followed by cytokinesis forming a tetrad of haploid cells.
D. Telophase II produces a dyad of diploid cells.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
91.Identify the correct statements:
A. Meiosis helps conserve chromosome number across generations.
B. Meiosis increases genetic variability.
C. Variations are important for evolution.
D. Meiosis prevents fertilisation from restoring chromosome number.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Meiosis helps conserve chromosome number across generations.
B. Meiosis increases genetic variability.
C. Variations are important for evolution.
D. Meiosis prevents fertilisation from restoring chromosome number.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
92.Identify the correct statements:
A. According to cell theory, cells arise from pre-existing cells.
B. Sexual organisms start life from a single-celled zygote.
C. Cell division stops permanently after a mature organism forms.
D. Cell division continues through the life cycle.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. According to cell theory, cells arise from pre-existing cells.
B. Sexual organisms start life from a single-celled zygote.
C. Cell division stops permanently after a mature organism forms.
D. Cell division continues through the life cycle.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
93.Identify the correct statements:
A. Mitosis conserves chromosome number in daughter cells.
B. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair to form bivalents.
C. In anaphase I, homologues move to opposite poles with both chromatids.
D. In anaphase II, sister chromatids separate.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Mitosis conserves chromosome number in daughter cells.
B. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair to form bivalents.
C. In anaphase I, homologues move to opposite poles with both chromatids.
D. In anaphase II, sister chromatids separate.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
94.Identify the correct statements:
A. End prophase lacks visible Golgi complexes, ER, nucleolus and nuclear envelope.
B. Metaphase allows easiest study of chromosome morphology.
C. Anaphase includes chromatid movement to opposite poles.
D. Telophase includes reformation of nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. End prophase lacks visible Golgi complexes, ER, nucleolus and nuclear envelope.
B. Metaphase allows easiest study of chromosome morphology.
C. Anaphase includes chromatid movement to opposite poles.
D. Telophase includes reformation of nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
95.Identify the correct statements:
A. In S phase, DNA content doubles.
B. In S phase, chromosome number remains the same.
C. Mitosis is equational with respect to chromosome number.
D. Meiosis halves chromosome number.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. In S phase, DNA content doubles.
B. In S phase, chromosome number remains the same.
C. Mitosis is equational with respect to chromosome number.
D. Meiosis halves chromosome number.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
96.Identify the correct statements:
A. Leptotene — gradual visibility of chromosomes.
B. Zygotene — synapsis.
C. Pachytene — recombination nodules.
D. Diplotene — terminalisation of chiasmata.
E. Diakinesis — dissolution of synaptonemal complex.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Leptotene — gradual visibility of chromosomes.
B. Zygotene — synapsis.
C. Pachytene — recombination nodules.
D. Diplotene — terminalisation of chiasmata.
E. Diakinesis — dissolution of synaptonemal complex.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
97.Identify the correct statements:
A. Cytokinesis is cytoplasmic division.
B. Animal cells use a plasma-membrane furrow.
C. Plant-cell wall formation starts at the periphery and grows inward.
D. Cell plate represents the middle lamella.
E. Coconut liquid endosperm can be syncytial.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
A. Cytokinesis is cytoplasmic division.
B. Animal cells use a plasma-membrane furrow.
C. Plant-cell wall formation starts at the periphery and grows inward.
D. Cell plate represents the middle lamella.
E. Coconut liquid endosperm can be syncytial.
Choose the correct answer from the options below.
98.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Interphase
B. M phase
C. G1
D. S phase
List-II
I. Actual cell division/mitosis
II. Between two successive M phases
III. DNA synthesis/replication
IV. Interval between mitosis and DNA replication
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Interphase
B. M phase
C. G1
D. S phase
List-II
I. Actual cell division/mitosis
II. Between two successive M phases
III. DNA synthesis/replication
IV. Interval between mitosis and DNA replication
Choose the correct answer.
99.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Human cultured cell cycle
B. Yeast cell cycle
C. Cell division proper in 24-h human cycle
D. DNA content after S if initial is 2C
List-II
I. About 90 minutes
II. About one hour
III. About 24 hours
IV. 4C
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Human cultured cell cycle
B. Yeast cell cycle
C. Cell division proper in 24-h human cycle
D. DNA content after S if initial is 2C
List-II
I. About 90 minutes
II. About one hour
III. About 24 hours
IV. 4C
Choose the correct answer.
100.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. G1 phase
B. S phase
C. Animal S phase
D. G2 phase
List-II
I. Protein synthesis for mitosis while growth continues
II. Metabolically active growth without DNA replication
III. DNA synthesis/replication
IV. Centriole duplicates in cytoplasm
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. G1 phase
B. S phase
C. Animal S phase
D. G2 phase
List-II
I. Protein synthesis for mitosis while growth continues
II. Metabolically active growth without DNA replication
III. DNA synthesis/replication
IV. Centriole duplicates in cytoplasm
Choose the correct answer.
101.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
List-II
I. Centromeres split and chromatids separate
II. Chromosomal condensation begins
III. Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform
IV. Chromosome morphology easiest to study
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
List-II
I. Centromeres split and chromatids separate
II. Chromosomal condensation begins
III. Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform
IV. Chromosome morphology easiest to study
Choose the correct answer.
102.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Centromere
B. Asters
C. Mitotic apparatus
D. End prophase absence
List-II
I. Two asters with spindle fibres
II. Attachment point holding sister chromatids
III. Microtubules radiating from centrosome
IV. Golgi complex, ER, nucleolus, nuclear envelope
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Centromere
B. Asters
C. Mitotic apparatus
D. End prophase absence
List-II
I. Two asters with spindle fibres
II. Attachment point holding sister chromatids
III. Microtubules radiating from centrosome
IV. Golgi complex, ER, nucleolus, nuclear envelope
Choose the correct answer.
103.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Metaphase chromosome
B. Kinetochore
C. Function of kinetochore
D. Metaphase plate
List-II
I. Spindle-fibre attachment site
II. Two sister chromatids held by centromere
III. Plane of chromosome alignment
IV. Small disc-shaped structure at centromere surface
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Metaphase chromosome
B. Kinetochore
C. Function of kinetochore
D. Metaphase plate
List-II
I. Spindle-fibre attachment site
II. Two sister chromatids held by centromere
III. Plane of chromosome alignment
IV. Small disc-shaped structure at centromere surface
Choose the correct answer.
104.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Animal cytokinesis
B. Plant cytokinesis
C. Cell plate
D. Syncytium
List-II
I. Middle lamella precursor
II. Wall formation starts at centre and grows outward
III. Furrow in plasma membrane
IV. Multinucleate condition after karyokinesis without cytokinesis
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Animal cytokinesis
B. Plant cytokinesis
C. Cell plate
D. Syncytium
List-II
I. Middle lamella precursor
II. Wall formation starts at centre and grows outward
III. Furrow in plasma membrane
IV. Multinucleate condition after karyokinesis without cytokinesis
Choose the correct answer.
105.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Multicellular growth
B. Nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio
C. Replacement cells
D. Continuous plant growth
List-II
I. Upper epidermis, gut lining, blood cells
II. Apical and lateral cambium
III. Due to mitosis
IV. Restored by cell division
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Multicellular growth
B. Nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio
C. Replacement cells
D. Continuous plant growth
List-II
I. Upper epidermis, gut lining, blood cells
II. Apical and lateral cambium
III. Due to mitosis
IV. Restored by cell division
Choose the correct answer.
106.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Reduction division
B. Fertilisation
C. Meiosis I and II
D. End of meiosis II
List-II
I. Restores diploid phase
II. Two sequential divisions with one DNA replication
III. Chromosome number reduced by half
IV. Four haploid cells
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Reduction division
B. Fertilisation
C. Meiosis I and II
D. End of meiosis II
List-II
I. Restores diploid phase
II. Two sequential divisions with one DNA replication
III. Chromosome number reduced by half
IV. Four haploid cells
Choose the correct answer.
107.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Leptotene
B. Zygotene
C. Pachytene
D. Diplotene
List-II
I. Synapsis begins
II. Recombination nodules appear
III. Synaptonemal complex dissolves
IV. Chromosomes gradually visible
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Leptotene
B. Zygotene
C. Pachytene
D. Diplotene
List-II
I. Synapsis begins
II. Recombination nodules appear
III. Synaptonemal complex dissolves
IV. Chromosomes gradually visible
Choose the correct answer.
108.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Synaptonemal complex
B. Bivalent/tetrad
C. Recombination nodule
D. Chiasmata
List-II
I. X-shaped crossover structures
II. Complex associated with synapsis
III. Pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes
IV. Site where crossing over occurs
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Synaptonemal complex
B. Bivalent/tetrad
C. Recombination nodule
D. Chiasmata
List-II
I. X-shaped crossover structures
II. Complex associated with synapsis
III. Pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes
IV. Site where crossing over occurs
Choose the correct answer.
109.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Crossing over
B. Recombinase
C. End of pachytene
D. Non-sister chromatids
List-II
I. Recombination completed
II. Exchange of genetic material
III. Chromatids involved in crossing over
IV. Enzyme involved
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Crossing over
B. Recombinase
C. End of pachytene
D. Non-sister chromatids
List-II
I. Recombination completed
II. Exchange of genetic material
III. Chromatids involved in crossing over
IV. Enzyme involved
Choose the correct answer.
110.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Diplotene
B. Chiasmata
C. Diakinesis
D. End of diakinesis
List-II
I. Nucleolus disappears and nuclear envelope breaks down
II. Dissolution of synaptonemal complex
III. Terminalisation of chiasmata
IV. X-shaped structures
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Diplotene
B. Chiasmata
C. Diakinesis
D. End of diakinesis
List-II
I. Nucleolus disappears and nuclear envelope breaks down
II. Dissolution of synaptonemal complex
III. Terminalisation of chiasmata
IV. X-shaped structures
Choose the correct answer.
111.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Metaphase I
B. Anaphase I
C. Telophase I
D. Dyad
List-II
I. Homologous chromosomes separate
II. Bivalents align at equatorial plate
III. Cells formed after cytokinesis of telophase I
IV. Nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Metaphase I
B. Anaphase I
C. Telophase I
D. Dyad
List-II
I. Homologous chromosomes separate
II. Bivalents align at equatorial plate
III. Cells formed after cytokinesis of telophase I
IV. Nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear
Choose the correct answer.
112.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Prophase II
B. Metaphase II
C. Anaphase II
D. Telophase II
List-II
I. Centromeres split and sister chromatids move apart
II. Nuclear membrane disappears and chromosomes compact
III. Chromosomes align at equator; microtubules attach to sister-chromatid kinetochores
IV. Tetrad of four haploid cells forms after cytokinesis
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Prophase II
B. Metaphase II
C. Anaphase II
D. Telophase II
List-II
I. Centromeres split and sister chromatids move apart
II. Nuclear membrane disappears and chromosomes compact
III. Chromosomes align at equator; microtubules attach to sister-chromatid kinetochores
IV. Tetrad of four haploid cells forms after cytokinesis
Choose the correct answer.
113.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Chromosome number conservation
B. Genetic variability
C. Variation
D. Reduction by half
List-II
I. Important for evolution
II. Achieved across generations by meiosis/fertilisation cycle
III. Increased by meiosis
IV. Paradoxical immediate result of meiosis
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Chromosome number conservation
B. Genetic variability
C. Variation
D. Reduction by half
List-II
I. Important for evolution
II. Achieved across generations by meiosis/fertilisation cycle
III. Increased by meiosis
IV. Paradoxical immediate result of meiosis
Choose the correct answer.
114.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis I
C. Anaphase I
D. Anaphase II
List-II
I. Sister chromatids separate
II. Chromosome number conserved in daughter cell
III. Homologues move to opposite poles with both chromatids
IV. Bivalents and crossing over
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis I
C. Anaphase I
D. Anaphase II
List-II
I. Sister chromatids separate
II. Chromosome number conserved in daughter cell
III. Homologues move to opposite poles with both chromatids
IV. Bivalents and crossing over
Choose the correct answer.
115.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I
A. Karyokinesis
B. Metaphase plate
C. Cytokinesis
D. Interkinesis
List-II
I. Stage between the two meiotic divisions
II. Cytoplasmic division
III. Nuclear division
IV. Plane of chromosome alignment
Choose the correct answer.
List-I
A. Karyokinesis
B. Metaphase plate
C. Cytokinesis
D. Interkinesis
List-II
I. Stage between the two meiotic divisions
II. Cytoplasmic division
III. Nuclear division
IV. Plane of chromosome alignment
Choose the correct answer.
116.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: After S phase, a diploid cell that was 2n at G1 remains 2n.
Reason R: During S phase, DNA content doubles but chromosome number does not increase.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: After S phase, a diploid cell that was 2n at G1 remains 2n.
Reason R: During S phase, DNA content doubles but chromosome number does not increase.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
117.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: G0 cells are metabolically active.
Reason R: G0 cells no longer proliferate unless called on depending on organismal requirement.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: G0 cells are metabolically active.
Reason R: G0 cells no longer proliferate unless called on depending on organismal requirement.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
118.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Mitosis is called equational division.
Reason R: The chromosome number of parent and progeny/daughter cells is conserved.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Mitosis is called equational division.
Reason R: The chromosome number of parent and progeny/daughter cells is conserved.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
119.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: During prophase, centrosomes begin to move toward opposite poles.
Reason R: Centrosome duplication occurs during S phase of interphase.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: During prophase, centrosomes begin to move toward opposite poles.
Reason R: Centrosome duplication occurs during S phase of interphase.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
120.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Metaphase is useful for studying chromosome morphology.
Reason R: By metaphase, chromosome condensation is completed and chromosomes are clearly observable.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Metaphase is useful for studying chromosome morphology.
Reason R: By metaphase, chromosome condensation is completed and chromosomes are clearly observable.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
121.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Spindle fibres attach to chromosomes at kinetochores during metaphase.
Reason R: Kinetochores are small disc-shaped structures located at the surface of centromeres.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Spindle fibres attach to chromosomes at kinetochores during metaphase.
Reason R: Kinetochores are small disc-shaped structures located at the surface of centromeres.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
122.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Chromatids move to opposite poles during mitotic anaphase.
Reason R: Centromeres split and chromatids separate at the onset of anaphase.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Chromatids move to opposite poles during mitotic anaphase.
Reason R: Centromeres split and chromatids separate at the onset of anaphase.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
123.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Nuclear envelope develops around chromosome clusters at each pole during telophase.
Reason R: In telophase, chromosomes decondense and lose their individuality.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Nuclear envelope develops around chromosome clusters at each pole during telophase.
Reason R: In telophase, chromosomes decondense and lose their individuality.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
124.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Plant cells undergo cytokinesis by a mechanism different from animal cells.
Reason R: Plant cells are enclosed by a relatively inextensible cell wall.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Plant cells undergo cytokinesis by a mechanism different from animal cells.
Reason R: Plant cells are enclosed by a relatively inextensible cell wall.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
125.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Syncytium can form when karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis.
Reason R: Cytokinesis is the separation of cytoplasm that completes cell division.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Syncytium can form when karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis.
Reason R: Cytokinesis is the separation of cytoplasm that completes cell division.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
126.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Meiosis is called reduction division.
Reason R: It reduces chromosome number by half while forming gametes/haploid cells.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Meiosis is called reduction division.
Reason R: It reduces chromosome number by half while forming gametes/haploid cells.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
127.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Crossing over is an enzyme-mediated process.
Reason R: Recombinase is the enzyme involved in crossing over.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Crossing over is an enzyme-mediated process.
Reason R: Recombinase is the enzyme involved in crossing over.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
128.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Chiasmata are visible X-shaped structures in diplotene.
Reason R: The synaptonemal complex dissolves and homologues tend to separate except at crossover sites.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Chiasmata are visible X-shaped structures in diplotene.
Reason R: The synaptonemal complex dissolves and homologues tend to separate except at crossover sites.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
129.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Interkinesis is followed by prophase II.
Reason R: DNA replication occurs during interkinesis to prepare chromosomes for meiosis II.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Interkinesis is followed by prophase II.
Reason R: DNA replication occurs during interkinesis to prepare chromosomes for meiosis II.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
130.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Meiosis increases genetic variability in the population.
Reason R: Meiosis involves recombination between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Meiosis increases genetic variability in the population.
Reason R: Meiosis involves recombination between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
131.Based on a cell-cycle diagram showing G1 → S → G2 → M, which label-event pairing is correct?
132.In a diagram of mitosis, a chromosome is shown as two sister chromatids joined at a centromere with small discs on the centromere. Which option correctly labels these discs and the stage where the chromosome alignment plane is named?
133.A student observes four mitotic cells. Cell P lacks visible nucleolus/nuclear envelope; Cell Q has fully condensed chromosomes aligned at an equatorial plane; Cell R has centromeres split; Cell S shows reformed ER/Golgi/nucleolus. Correct stage order is:
134.In an anaphase diagram, the leading edge of each moving daughter chromosome is the:
135.A diagram shows cytokinesis beginning at the centre of a plant cell and expanding outward to meet lateral walls. The structure first formed represents:
136.A diagram shows a furrow appearing in the plasma membrane and deepening until it joins at the centre. This represents:
137.The correct order of processes in prophase I is:
138.Based on a meiosis I diagram, which observation identifies anaphase I rather than mitotic anaphase?
139.Which diagram-based inference correctly distinguishes anaphase I from anaphase II?
140.In a meiosis II sequence diagram, the step immediately responsible for sister chromatids moving to opposite poles is:
141.A diagram shows one diploid meiocyte completing meiosis and forming four haploid cells. Which statement correctly interprets this outcome?
142.A life-cycle diagram begins from a single-celled zygote and shows repeated cell divisions through development and adult life. Which statement is correct?
143.In a diploid cell, DNA content is 2C at G1. Select the option with only correct conclusions.
A. After S phase, DNA content is 4C.
B. After S phase, chromosome number becomes 4n.
C. Mitosis conserves chromosome number.
D. Meiosis ends in four haploid cells.
A. After S phase, DNA content is 4C.
B. After S phase, chromosome number becomes 4n.
C. Mitosis conserves chromosome number.
D. Meiosis ends in four haploid cells.
144.Select the option with correctly matched mitotic events only.
A. End prophase — Golgi complex, ER, nucleolus and nuclear envelope are not seen.
B. Metaphase — chromosome morphology is easiest to study.
C. Anaphase — centromeres split and chromatids separate.
D. Telophase — recombination nodules appear.
A. End prophase — Golgi complex, ER, nucleolus and nuclear envelope are not seen.
B. Metaphase — chromosome morphology is easiest to study.
C. Anaphase — centromeres split and chromatids separate.
D. Telophase — recombination nodules appear.
145.Choose the option containing only correct pairs.
A. Animal cytokinesis — furrow in plasma membrane.
B. Plant cytokinesis — wall formation starts in centre and grows outward.
C. Cell plate — represents middle lamella.
D. Syncytium — formed when cytokinesis occurs before karyokinesis.
A. Animal cytokinesis — furrow in plasma membrane.
B. Plant cytokinesis — wall formation starts in centre and grows outward.
C. Cell plate — represents middle lamella.
D. Syncytium — formed when cytokinesis occurs before karyokinesis.
146.Select the correct stage-event combinations.
A. Leptotene — chromosomes become gradually visible.
B. Zygotene — synapsis begins.
C. Pachytene — recombination nodules appear.
D. Diplotene — terminalisation of chiasmata.
E. Diakinesis — dissolution of synaptonemal complex.
A. Leptotene — chromosomes become gradually visible.
B. Zygotene — synapsis begins.
C. Pachytene — recombination nodules appear.
D. Diplotene — terminalisation of chiasmata.
E. Diakinesis — dissolution of synaptonemal complex.
147.Identify the correct separation events.
A. Mitotic anaphase — sister chromatids separate.
B. Anaphase I — homologous chromosomes separate while sister chromatids remain associated.
C. Anaphase II — centromeres split and sister chromatids separate.
D. Metaphase I — centromeres split.
A. Mitotic anaphase — sister chromatids separate.
B. Anaphase I — homologous chromosomes separate while sister chromatids remain associated.
C. Anaphase II — centromeres split and sister chromatids separate.
D. Metaphase I — centromeres split.
148.A student says, “Since DNA content doubles in S phase, chromosome number must also double.” Which correction is NCERT-accurate?
149.A cell division produces four haploid cells and increases genetic variability. Which conclusion is best?
150.In a hard NEET paper, you see the sequence: synapsis → recombination nodules → synaptonemal complex dissolution → terminalisation → no DNA replication before prophase II. Which option correctly gives the stages/processes?
Answer Key
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
111
121
131
141
151
161
171
181
191
201
211
221
231
241
251
261
271
281
291
301
311
321
331
341
351
361
371
381
391
401
411
421
431
441
451
461
471
481
491
501
511
521
531
541
551
561
571
581
591
601
611
621
631
641
651
661
671
681
691
701
711
721
731
741
751
761
771
781
791
801
811
821
831
841
851
861
871
881
891
901
911
921
931
941
951
961
971
981
991
1001
1011
1021
1031
1041
1051
1061
1071
1081
1091
1101
1111
1121
1131
1141
1151
1161
1171
1181
1191
1201
1211
1221
1231
1241
1251
1261
1271
1281
1291
1301
1311
1321
1331
1341
1351
1361
1371
1381
1391
1401
1411
1421
1431
1441
1451
1461
1471
1481
1491
1501