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NEET ]1[ Contd...
NEET Biology - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Instructions:
- Each question has four options (1), (2), (3), (4). Choose the most correct answer.
- Each correct answer carries 4 marks.
- Each wrong answer will deduct 1 marks.
- Unanswered questions will not be penalised.
1.Which statement gives the most accurate NCERT-based idea of photosynthesis in green plants?
2.Photosynthesis is important mainly because it:
3.In the starch test with a variegated leaf exposed to light, starch is expected mainly in:
4.In the KOH experiment, the portion of leaf inside the tube fails to form starch because:
5.Priestley's bell jar experiment is best summarised by which conclusion?
6.Ingenhousz's aquatic plant experiment proved that:
7.Which contribution is correctly attributed to Julius von Sachs?
8.Engelmann used aerobic bacteria in his experiment mainly to:
9.Van Niel's inference corrected which common misconception?
10.Choose the correct location pair in chloroplasts.
11.Which pigment-colour pair is correctly matched as per chromatographic separation?
12.Accessory pigments are important because they:
13.Which set contains events of the light reaction?
14.Which statement is correct about PS I and PS II?
15.Water splitting during photosynthesis:
16.The Z scheme describes:
17.Photophosphorylation means:
18.Which pair is correct?
19.Stroma lamellae are suitable for cyclic photophosphorylation because they:
20.Correct structural-functional pairing of ATP synthase is:
21.The so-called dark reaction:
22.Calvin and co-workers traced the pathway of CO2 fixation by using:
23.Which product pair is correct?
24.The primary CO2 acceptor and carboxylating enzyme in Calvin cycle are respectively:
25.For one molecule of glucose through Calvin cycle, the requirement is:
26.C4 plants are described as special because they:
27.Kranz anatomy refers to:
28.In the C4 pathway, initial CO2 fixation in mesophyll cells uses:
29.During photorespiration in C3 plants, RuBP reacts with O2 to form:
30.Which CO2-related statement is correct?
31.Consider the following statements:
A. Green plants synthesise their own food and are called autotrophs.
B. Heterotrophs are organisms that directly or indirectly depend on green plants for food.
C. Photosynthesis is described as a purely physical process with no chemical change.
D. Photosynthesis is a primary source of food and oxygen on earth.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Green plants synthesise their own food and are called autotrophs.
B. Heterotrophs are organisms that directly or indirectly depend on green plants for food.
C. Photosynthesis is described as a purely physical process with no chemical change.
D. Photosynthesis is a primary source of food and oxygen on earth.
Which of the above statements are correct?
32.Consider the following statements:
A. Chlorophyll, light and CO2 are required for photosynthesis.
B. A black-paper-covered leaf region can test negative for starch after light exposure.
C. KOH absorbs O2 and therefore proves oxygen is required for photosynthesis.
D. The leaf part exposed to air can test positive for starch.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Chlorophyll, light and CO2 are required for photosynthesis.
B. A black-paper-covered leaf region can test negative for starch after light exposure.
C. KOH absorbs O2 and therefore proves oxygen is required for photosynthesis.
D. The leaf part exposed to air can test positive for starch.
Which of the above statements are correct?
33.Consider the following statements:
A. Priestley discovered oxygen in 1774.
B. Priestley concluded that plants restore air damaged by animals and burning candles.
C. Ingenhousz showed that sunlight was essential for the air-purifying plant process.
D. Ingenhousz observed oxygen bubbles around green parts of an aquatic plant in darkness.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Priestley discovered oxygen in 1774.
B. Priestley concluded that plants restore air damaged by animals and burning candles.
C. Ingenhousz showed that sunlight was essential for the air-purifying plant process.
D. Ingenhousz observed oxygen bubbles around green parts of an aquatic plant in darkness.
Which of the above statements are correct?
34.Consider the following statements:
A. Sachs provided evidence for glucose production when plants grow.
B. Sachs showed glucose is usually stored as starch.
C. Engelmann used a prism and aerobic bacteria to obtain the first action spectrum.
D. Bacteria in Engelmann's experiment accumulated mainly in green light.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Sachs provided evidence for glucose production when plants grow.
B. Sachs showed glucose is usually stored as starch.
C. Engelmann used a prism and aerobic bacteria to obtain the first action spectrum.
D. Bacteria in Engelmann's experiment accumulated mainly in green light.
Which of the above statements are correct?
35.Consider the following statements:
A. Van Niel inferred that hydrogen from an oxidisable compound reduces CO2 to carbohydrates.
B. Van Niel proposed that evolved O2 comes from water.
C. The overall equation shows twelve molecules of water on the substrate side.
D. The oxygen evolved in photosynthesis is directly from CO2.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Van Niel inferred that hydrogen from an oxidisable compound reduces CO2 to carbohydrates.
B. Van Niel proposed that evolved O2 comes from water.
C. The overall equation shows twelve molecules of water on the substrate side.
D. The oxygen evolved in photosynthesis is directly from CO2.
Which of the above statements are correct?
36.Consider the following statements:
A. Photosynthesis occurs mainly in green leaves and also in other green parts.
B. Mesophyll cells possess many chloroplasts.
C. Chloroplasts can align along mesophyll cell walls for optimum incident light.
D. Carbon fixation reactions occur in grana while light reactions occur in stroma.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Photosynthesis occurs mainly in green leaves and also in other green parts.
B. Mesophyll cells possess many chloroplasts.
C. Chloroplasts can align along mesophyll cell walls for optimum incident light.
D. Carbon fixation reactions occur in grana while light reactions occur in stroma.
Which of the above statements are correct?
37.Consider the following statements:
A. Chlorophyll a appears bright or blue-green.
B. Chlorophyll b appears yellow-green.
C. Xanthophylls are yellow.
D. Carotenoids are only blue-green.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Chlorophyll a appears bright or blue-green.
B. Chlorophyll b appears yellow-green.
C. Xanthophylls are yellow.
D. Carotenoids are only blue-green.
Which of the above statements are correct?
38.Consider the following statements:
A. Pigments absorb light at specific wavelengths.
B. Chlorophyll a is the major pigment responsible for trapping light.
C. Accessory pigments transfer energy to chlorophyll a.
D. Accessory pigments narrow the usable wavelength range and promote photo-oxidation.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Pigments absorb light at specific wavelengths.
B. Chlorophyll a is the major pigment responsible for trapping light.
C. Accessory pigments transfer energy to chlorophyll a.
D. Accessory pigments narrow the usable wavelength range and promote photo-oxidation.
Which of the above statements are correct?
39.Consider the following statements:
A. The photochemical phase includes water splitting and oxygen release.
B. Reaction-centre chlorophyll a is surrounded by light-harvesting pigments.
C. PS I has P700 while PS II has P680.
D. PS I is named so because it functions before PS II in the Z scheme.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. The photochemical phase includes water splitting and oxygen release.
B. Reaction-centre chlorophyll a is surrounded by light-harvesting pigments.
C. PS I has P700 while PS II has P680.
D. PS I is named so because it functions before PS II in the Z scheme.
Which of the above statements are correct?
40.Consider the following statements:
A. PS II functions before PS I in non-cyclic electron flow.
B. Water splitting associated with PS II releases electrons, protons and oxygen.
C. PS I electrons are excited at 700 nm.
D. NADP+ reduction occurs before PS I excitation in the Z scheme.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. PS II functions before PS I in non-cyclic electron flow.
B. Water splitting associated with PS II releases electrons, protons and oxygen.
C. PS I electrons are excited at 700 nm.
D. NADP+ reduction occurs before PS I excitation in the Z scheme.
Which of the above statements are correct?
41.Consider the following statements:
A. Water splitting is associated with PS II.
B. The water-splitting complex is located on the inner side of the thylakoid membrane.
C. The electrons released replace those removed from PS II.
D. Photolysis directly reduces NADP+ without any role of PS I.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Water splitting is associated with PS II.
B. The water-splitting complex is located on the inner side of the thylakoid membrane.
C. The electrons released replace those removed from PS II.
D. Photolysis directly reduces NADP+ without any role of PS I.
Which of the above statements are correct?
42.Consider the following statements:
A. Non-cyclic photophosphorylation uses PS II followed by PS I.
B. Non-cyclic flow produces both ATP and NADPH + H+.
C. Cyclic photophosphorylation involves only PS I.
D. Cyclic photophosphorylation produces oxygen but no ATP.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Non-cyclic photophosphorylation uses PS II followed by PS I.
B. Non-cyclic flow produces both ATP and NADPH + H+.
C. Cyclic photophosphorylation involves only PS I.
D. Cyclic photophosphorylation produces oxygen but no ATP.
Which of the above statements are correct?
43.Consider the following statements:
A. A proton gradient is formed across the thylakoid membrane.
B. Protons accumulate in the lumen.
C. Water splitting adds protons to the lumen.
D. NADP reductase on the lumen side adds protons to the stroma.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. A proton gradient is formed across the thylakoid membrane.
B. Protons accumulate in the lumen.
C. Water splitting adds protons to the lumen.
D. NADP reductase on the lumen side adds protons to the stroma.
Which of the above statements are correct?
44.Consider the following statements:
A. CF0 is embedded in the thylakoid membrane.
B. CF0 forms a channel for facilitated diffusion of protons.
C. CF1 faces the stroma side.
D. Chemiosmosis requires RuBisCO as the proton pump.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. CF0 is embedded in the thylakoid membrane.
B. CF0 forms a channel for facilitated diffusion of protons.
C. CF1 faces the stroma side.
D. Chemiosmosis requires RuBisCO as the proton pump.
Which of the above statements are correct?
45.Consider the following statements:
A. Calvin used radioactive 14C to trace CO2 fixation.
B. In C3 plants, PGA is the first stable product.
C. RuBP is a 5-carbon primary CO2 acceptor.
D. The Calvin cycle stages are carboxylation, photolysis and oxygenation.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Calvin used radioactive 14C to trace CO2 fixation.
B. In C3 plants, PGA is the first stable product.
C. RuBP is a 5-carbon primary CO2 acceptor.
D. The Calvin cycle stages are carboxylation, photolysis and oxygenation.
Which of the above statements are correct?
46.Consider the following statements:
A. Reduction uses 2 ATP and 2 NADPH per CO2 fixed.
B. Regeneration requires one ATP per CO2 fixed.
C. One glucose requires six turns of the Calvin cycle.
D. One glucose requires 12 ATP and 18 NADPH.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Reduction uses 2 ATP and 2 NADPH per CO2 fixed.
B. Regeneration requires one ATP per CO2 fixed.
C. One glucose requires six turns of the Calvin cycle.
D. One glucose requires 12 ATP and 18 NADPH.
Which of the above statements are correct?
47.Consider the following statements:
A. C4 plants are adapted to dry tropical regions.
B. They first fix CO2 into OAA but still use the Calvin cycle as the main biosynthetic pathway.
C. Their bundle sheath cells may have thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange.
D. C4 plants show high photorespiration and low biomass productivity.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. C4 plants are adapted to dry tropical regions.
B. They first fix CO2 into OAA but still use the Calvin cycle as the main biosynthetic pathway.
C. Their bundle sheath cells may have thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange.
D. C4 plants show high photorespiration and low biomass productivity.
Which of the above statements are correct?
48.Consider the following statements:
A. PEP is the primary CO2 acceptor in mesophyll cells.
B. PEPcase catalyses the initial fixation in mesophyll cells.
C. OAA may be converted to malic acid or aspartic acid.
D. The 3-carbon molecule released in bundle sheath cells is discarded and never returns to mesophyll.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. PEP is the primary CO2 acceptor in mesophyll cells.
B. PEPcase catalyses the initial fixation in mesophyll cells.
C. OAA may be converted to malic acid or aspartic acid.
D. The 3-carbon molecule released in bundle sheath cells is discarded and never returns to mesophyll.
Which of the above statements are correct?
49.Consider the following statements:
A. C4 mesophyll cells lack RuBisCO.
B. CO2 released in bundle sheath cells enters the Calvin pathway.
C. C4 bundle sheath cells are rich in RuBisCO but lack PEPcase.
D. In C4 plants the Calvin pathway occurs in mesophyll cells only.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. C4 mesophyll cells lack RuBisCO.
B. CO2 released in bundle sheath cells enters the Calvin pathway.
C. C4 bundle sheath cells are rich in RuBisCO but lack PEPcase.
D. In C4 plants the Calvin pathway occurs in mesophyll cells only.
Which of the above statements are correct?
50.Consider the following statements:
A. RuBisCO active site can bind both CO2 and O2.
B. O2 binding to RuBisCO in C3 plants decreases CO2 fixation.
C. Photorespiration can form one 3-PGA and one phosphoglycolate.
D. Photorespiration synthesises sugars, ATP and NADPH efficiently.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. RuBisCO active site can bind both CO2 and O2.
B. O2 binding to RuBisCO in C3 plants decreases CO2 fixation.
C. Photorespiration can form one 3-PGA and one phosphoglycolate.
D. Photorespiration synthesises sugars, ATP and NADPH efficiently.
Which of the above statements are correct?
51.Consider the following statements:
A. C4 plants minimise photorespiration by increasing CO2 concentration at the RuBisCO site.
B. Breakdown of C4 acids in bundle sheath cells releases CO2.
C. High CO2 near RuBisCO favours carboxylase activity.
D. C4 plants minimise photorespiration by removing RuBisCO completely.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. C4 plants minimise photorespiration by increasing CO2 concentration at the RuBisCO site.
B. Breakdown of C4 acids in bundle sheath cells releases CO2.
C. High CO2 near RuBisCO favours carboxylase activity.
D. C4 plants minimise photorespiration by removing RuBisCO completely.
Which of the above statements are correct?
52.Consider the following statements:
A. Leaf number, size, age and orientation are internal factors.
B. Amount of chlorophyll is an internal factor.
C. Sunlight, temperature, CO2 concentration and water are external factors.
D. Internal CO2 concentration is an external factor only.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Leaf number, size, age and orientation are internal factors.
B. Amount of chlorophyll is an internal factor.
C. Sunlight, temperature, CO2 concentration and water are external factors.
D. Internal CO2 concentration is an external factor only.
Which of the above statements are correct?
53.Consider the following statements:
A. Blackman's law concerns the factor nearest its minimum value limiting rate.
B. Light affects photosynthesis through quality, intensity and duration.
C. At low light, incident light and CO2 fixation rates are linearly related.
D. Light saturation usually occurs only at 100 percent full sunlight.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Blackman's law concerns the factor nearest its minimum value limiting rate.
B. Light affects photosynthesis through quality, intensity and duration.
C. At low light, incident light and CO2 fixation rates are linearly related.
D. Light saturation usually occurs only at 100 percent full sunlight.
Which of the above statements are correct?
54.Consider the following statements:
A. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is low, about 0.03-0.04 percent.
B. Increasing CO2 up to 0.05 percent can increase CO2 fixation.
C. Current CO2 availability is limiting to C3 plants.
D. C3 plants saturate at a lower CO2 concentration than C4 plants.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is low, about 0.03-0.04 percent.
B. Increasing CO2 up to 0.05 percent can increase CO2 fixation.
C. Current CO2 availability is limiting to C3 plants.
D. C3 plants saturate at a lower CO2 concentration than C4 plants.
Which of the above statements are correct?
55.Consider the following statements:
A. Temperature affects enzymatic dark reactions more strongly than light reactions.
B. C4 plants have higher temperature optimum than C3 plants.
C. Water stress can close stomata and reduce CO2 availability.
D. More than 50 percent of leaf water is directly used in photosynthesis.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Temperature affects enzymatic dark reactions more strongly than light reactions.
B. C4 plants have higher temperature optimum than C3 plants.
C. Water stress can close stomata and reduce CO2 availability.
D. More than 50 percent of leaf water is directly used in photosynthesis.
Which of the above statements are correct?
56.Consider the following statements:
A. Engelmann's bacteria accumulated mainly in blue and red light.
B. Action spectrum roughly resembles chlorophyll a and b absorption spectra.
C. Most photosynthesis occurs in blue and red regions.
D. No photosynthesis occurs at any other visible wavelength.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Engelmann's bacteria accumulated mainly in blue and red light.
B. Action spectrum roughly resembles chlorophyll a and b absorption spectra.
C. Most photosynthesis occurs in blue and red regions.
D. No photosynthesis occurs at any other visible wavelength.
Which of the above statements are correct?
57.Consider the following statements:
A. Pigments are organised into light-harvesting complexes.
B. The reaction centre is a special chlorophyll a molecule.
C. P700 belongs to PS I.
D. P680 belongs to PS I.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Pigments are organised into light-harvesting complexes.
B. The reaction centre is a special chlorophyll a molecule.
C. P700 belongs to PS I.
D. P680 belongs to PS I.
Which of the above statements are correct?
58.Consider the following statements:
A. Electrons from PS II move through an electron transport chain to PS I.
B. The movement through the chain is downhill in redox potential terms.
C. PS I electrons are excited at 700 nm.
D. PS I electrons finally oxidise NADPH to NADP+.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Electrons from PS II move through an electron transport chain to PS I.
B. The movement through the chain is downhill in redox potential terms.
C. PS I electrons are excited at 700 nm.
D. PS I electrons finally oxidise NADPH to NADP+.
Which of the above statements are correct?
59.Consider the following statements:
A. Proton accumulation in chloroplasts occurs in the lumen.
B. Electron transport contributes to proton movement.
C. NADP reductase removes protons from stroma.
D. The proton gradient forms across the outer chloroplast membrane.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Proton accumulation in chloroplasts occurs in the lumen.
B. Electron transport contributes to proton movement.
C. NADP reductase removes protons from stroma.
D. The proton gradient forms across the outer chloroplast membrane.
Which of the above statements are correct?
60.Consider the following statements:
A. RuBP is the primary CO2 acceptor.
B. RuBisCO catalyses carboxylation.
C. Reduction is one of the Calvin cycle stages.
D. Reduction per CO2 fixed uses 2 NADPH but no ATP.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. RuBP is the primary CO2 acceptor.
B. RuBisCO catalyses carboxylation.
C. Reduction is one of the Calvin cycle stages.
D. Reduction per CO2 fixed uses 2 NADPH but no ATP.
Which of the above statements are correct?
61.Consider the following statements:
A. Kranz anatomy contains large bundle sheath cells around vascular bundles.
B. Kranz means wreath.
C. Bundle sheath cells may have no intercellular spaces.
D. Pea and bean are the examples given for observing Kranz anatomy in this chapter.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Kranz anatomy contains large bundle sheath cells around vascular bundles.
B. Kranz means wreath.
C. Bundle sheath cells may have no intercellular spaces.
D. Pea and bean are the examples given for observing Kranz anatomy in this chapter.
Which of the above statements are correct?
62.Consider the following statements:
A. PEP is present in mesophyll cells.
B. PEPcase fixes CO2 in mesophyll cells.
C. Mesophyll cells lack RuBisCO.
D. Bundle sheath cells are rich in PEPcase but lack RuBisCO.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. PEP is present in mesophyll cells.
B. PEPcase fixes CO2 in mesophyll cells.
C. Mesophyll cells lack RuBisCO.
D. Bundle sheath cells are rich in PEPcase but lack RuBisCO.
Which of the above statements are correct?
63.Consider the following statements:
A. In C3 plants, O2 binding to RuBisCO decreases CO2 fixation.
B. Photorespiration forms phosphoglycolate.
C. Photorespiration releases CO2 with ATP utilisation.
D. C4 plants show photorespiration because their bundle sheath cells lack CO2.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. In C3 plants, O2 binding to RuBisCO decreases CO2 fixation.
B. Photorespiration forms phosphoglycolate.
C. Photorespiration releases CO2 with ATP utilisation.
D. C4 plants show photorespiration because their bundle sheath cells lack CO2.
Which of the above statements are correct?
64.Consider the following statements:
A. Light quality affects photosynthesis.
B. At low light, CO2 fixation rate is linearly related to incident light.
C. Very high light can break down chlorophyll.
D. Light saturation occurs at 0.03-0.04 percent CO2.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Light quality affects photosynthesis.
B. At low light, CO2 fixation rate is linearly related to incident light.
C. Very high light can break down chlorophyll.
D. Light saturation occurs at 0.03-0.04 percent CO2.
Which of the above statements are correct?
65.Consider the following statements:
A. CO2 is a major limiting factor.
B. Atmospheric CO2 is low.
C. C3 crops can respond to CO2 enrichment in greenhouses.
D. C4 plants saturate only beyond 450 microL L-1.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. CO2 is a major limiting factor.
B. Atmospheric CO2 is low.
C. C3 crops can respond to CO2 enrichment in greenhouses.
D. C4 plants saturate only beyond 450 microL L-1.
Which of the above statements are correct?
66.Consider the following statements:
A. Light energy absorbed by antenna pigments is funnelled to reaction centre chlorophyll a.
B. P700 is associated with PS I.
C. P680 is associated with PS II.
D. Antenna pigments are the final electron acceptors for NADP+ reduction.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Light energy absorbed by antenna pigments is funnelled to reaction centre chlorophyll a.
B. P700 is associated with PS I.
C. P680 is associated with PS II.
D. Antenna pigments are the final electron acceptors for NADP+ reduction.
Which of the above statements are correct?
67.Consider the following statements:
A. Each CO2 entering Calvin cycle needs 3 ATP.
B. Each CO2 entering Calvin cycle needs 2 NADPH.
C. Six turns are needed for one glucose.
D. One glucose requires 12 ATP and 18 NADPH.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Each CO2 entering Calvin cycle needs 3 ATP.
B. Each CO2 entering Calvin cycle needs 2 NADPH.
C. Six turns are needed for one glucose.
D. One glucose requires 12 ATP and 18 NADPH.
Which of the above statements are correct?
68.Consider the following statements:
A. Unit 4 deals with plant physiology.
B. Photosynthesis in higher plants is Chapter 11.
C. Respiration in plants and plant growth and development are also in Unit 4.
D. Unit 4 discusses only taxonomy and classification of organisms.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. Unit 4 deals with plant physiology.
B. Photosynthesis in higher plants is Chapter 11.
C. Respiration in plants and plant growth and development are also in Unit 4.
D. Unit 4 discusses only taxonomy and classification of organisms.
Which of the above statements are correct?
69.Which of the following is NOT correct according to the chapter introduction?
70.Which observation would be an incorrect interpretation of the simple photosynthesis experiments?
71.Which statement is NOT associated with Priestley's experiment?
72.Which statement about Ingenhousz is incorrect?
73.Choose the incorrectly matched pair.
74.Which option is NOT correct for Engelmann's experiment?
75.Which statement is NOT aligned with van Niel's inference?
76.Which statement is incorrect?
77.Identify the wrongly matched pair.
78.Which statement is NOT true?
79.Which statement is incorrect?
80.Which is NOT a correct event in the Z scheme?
81.All are true for cyclic photophosphorylation EXCEPT:
82.Which of the following does NOT contribute to proton accumulation/gradient as described?
83.Which statement is incorrect about ATP synthase/chemiosmosis?
84.Which statement is NOT correct about the dark reaction?
85.Identify the incorrect pair.
86.Which statement is incorrect?
87.Which feature is NOT typical of C4 plants as described?
88.Which step is incorrectly stated for the C4 pathway?
89.Which statement is NOT correct about photorespiration?
90.Which statement is incorrect regarding factors affecting photosynthesis?
91.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Priestley
B. Ingenhousz
C. Sachs
D. Engelmann
List-II:
i. First action spectrum using Cladophora
ii. Plants restore damaged air
iii. Sunlight and green parts release oxygen
iv. Glucose production and starch storage
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Priestley
B. Ingenhousz
C. Sachs
D. Engelmann
List-II:
i. First action spectrum using Cladophora
ii. Plants restore damaged air
iii. Sunlight and green parts release oxygen
iv. Glucose production and starch storage
Choose the correct match.
92.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Chlorophyll a
B. Chlorophyll b
C. Xanthophylls
D. Carotenoids
List-II:
i. yellow
ii. yellow to yellow-orange
iii. bright/blue green
iv. yellow green
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Chlorophyll a
B. Chlorophyll b
C. Xanthophylls
D. Carotenoids
List-II:
i. yellow
ii. yellow to yellow-orange
iii. bright/blue green
iv. yellow green
Choose the correct match.
93.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. PS I
B. PS II
C. P700
D. P680
List-II:
i. reaction centre of PS II
ii. functions before PS I in non-cyclic flow
iii. reaction centre of PS I
iv. photosystem discovered first
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. PS I
B. PS II
C. P700
D. P680
List-II:
i. reaction centre of PS II
ii. functions before PS I in non-cyclic flow
iii. reaction centre of PS I
iv. photosystem discovered first
Choose the correct match.
94.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Water splitting
B. Inner side of thylakoid membrane
C. NADP+
D. PS II
List-II:
i. final reduction to NADPH + H+
ii. association with photolysis
iii. releases electrons, protons and oxygen
iv. location of water-splitting complex
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Water splitting
B. Inner side of thylakoid membrane
C. NADP+
D. PS II
List-II:
i. final reduction to NADPH + H+
ii. association with photolysis
iii. releases electrons, protons and oxygen
iv. location of water-splitting complex
Choose the correct match.
95.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Non-cyclic flow
B. Cyclic flow
C. PS I only
D. Both PS II and PS I
List-II:
i. ATP only
ii. cyclic photophosphorylation
iii. ATP and NADPH formation
iv. non-cyclic photophosphorylation
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Non-cyclic flow
B. Cyclic flow
C. PS I only
D. Both PS II and PS I
List-II:
i. ATP only
ii. cyclic photophosphorylation
iii. ATP and NADPH formation
iv. non-cyclic photophosphorylation
Choose the correct match.
96.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. CF0
B. CF1
C. Lumen
D. Proton gradient breakdown
List-II:
i. proton accumulation side
ii. ATP synthesis drive
iii. transmembrane proton channel
iv. stroma-side projecting portion
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. CF0
B. CF1
C. Lumen
D. Proton gradient breakdown
List-II:
i. proton accumulation side
ii. ATP synthesis drive
iii. transmembrane proton channel
iv. stroma-side projecting portion
Choose the correct match.
97.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Carboxylation
B. Reduction
C. Regeneration
D. RuBisCO
List-II:
i. restoration of RuBP
ii. enzyme catalysing RuBP carboxylation
iii. CO2 combines with RuBP
iv. ATP and NADPH used to form carbohydrate
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Carboxylation
B. Reduction
C. Regeneration
D. RuBisCO
List-II:
i. restoration of RuBP
ii. enzyme catalysing RuBP carboxylation
iii. CO2 combines with RuBP
iv. ATP and NADPH used to form carbohydrate
Choose the correct match.
98.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. PGA
B. OAA
C. RuBP
D. PEP
List-II:
i. 5-carbon Calvin acceptor
ii. 3-carbon first product in C3
iii. 3-carbon C4 primary acceptor
iv. 4-carbon first product in C4
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. PGA
B. OAA
C. RuBP
D. PEP
List-II:
i. 5-carbon Calvin acceptor
ii. 3-carbon first product in C3
iii. 3-carbon C4 primary acceptor
iv. 4-carbon first product in C4
Choose the correct match.
99.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. C4 mesophyll cell
B. C4 bundle sheath cell
C. C3 mesophyll cell
D. PEPcase
List-II:
i. initial C4 carboxylating enzyme
ii. Calvin cycle site in C3 plant
iii. lacks RuBisCO
iv. rich in RuBisCO and lacks PEPcase
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. C4 mesophyll cell
B. C4 bundle sheath cell
C. C3 mesophyll cell
D. PEPcase
List-II:
i. initial C4 carboxylating enzyme
ii. Calvin cycle site in C3 plant
iii. lacks RuBisCO
iv. rich in RuBisCO and lacks PEPcase
Choose the correct match.
100.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. OAA
B. Malic/aspartic acid
C. Bundle sheath breakdown
D. 3-carbon molecule return
List-II:
i. regenerates PEP in mesophyll
ii. C4 acid formed in mesophyll
iii. release of CO2
iv. transported to bundle sheath
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. OAA
B. Malic/aspartic acid
C. Bundle sheath breakdown
D. 3-carbon molecule return
List-II:
i. regenerates PEP in mesophyll
ii. C4 acid formed in mesophyll
iii. release of CO2
iv. transported to bundle sheath
Choose the correct match.
101.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Carboxylase activity
B. Oxygenase activity
C. Photorespiration
D. Phosphoglycolate
List-II:
i. formed with one 3-PGA when O2 binds RuBP
ii. favoured by CO2 binding
iii. no sugar/ATP/NADPH synthesis
iv. decreases CO2 fixation in C3 plants
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Carboxylase activity
B. Oxygenase activity
C. Photorespiration
D. Phosphoglycolate
List-II:
i. formed with one 3-PGA when O2 binds RuBP
ii. favoured by CO2 binding
iii. no sugar/ATP/NADPH synthesis
iv. decreases CO2 fixation in C3 plants
Choose the correct match.
102.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Number, size and age of leaves
B. Internal CO2 concentration
C. Sunlight
D. Water
List-II:
i. external factor
ii. internal factor
iii. external factor
iv. internal factor
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Number, size and age of leaves
B. Internal CO2 concentration
C. Sunlight
D. Water
List-II:
i. external factor
ii. internal factor
iii. external factor
iv. internal factor
Choose the correct match.
103.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Blackman's law
B. Low light intensity
C. Light saturation
D. Light affects photosynthesis through
List-II:
i. linear relation with CO2 fixation
ii. quality, intensity and duration
iii. factor nearest minimum limits rate
iv. about 10 percent full sunlight except shade plants
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Blackman's law
B. Low light intensity
C. Light saturation
D. Light affects photosynthesis through
List-II:
i. linear relation with CO2 fixation
ii. quality, intensity and duration
iii. factor nearest minimum limits rate
iv. about 10 percent full sunlight except shade plants
Choose the correct match.
104.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Atmospheric CO2
B. CO2 up to 0.05 percent
C. C4 saturation
D. C3 saturation
List-II:
i. beyond 450 microL L-1
ii. 0.03 to 0.04 percent
iii. increase in CO2 fixation
iv. about 360 microL L-1
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Atmospheric CO2
B. CO2 up to 0.05 percent
C. C4 saturation
D. C3 saturation
List-II:
i. beyond 450 microL L-1
ii. 0.03 to 0.04 percent
iii. increase in CO2 fixation
iv. about 360 microL L-1
Choose the correct match.
105.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. High temperature
B. Water stress
C. C4 plants
D. Tropical plants
List-II:
i. higher temperature optimum than temperate plants
ii. enzyme denaturation risk
iii. higher temperature optimum than C3 plants
iv. stomatal closure and wilting
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. High temperature
B. Water stress
C. C4 plants
D. Tropical plants
List-II:
i. higher temperature optimum than temperate plants
ii. enzyme denaturation risk
iii. higher temperature optimum than C3 plants
iv. stomatal closure and wilting
Choose the correct match.
106.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. ATP
B. NADPH
C. Light reaction
D. Dark reaction
List-II:
i. uses ATP/NADPH in stroma
ii. formed by photophosphorylation
iii. formed in non-cyclic flow
iv. water splitting and oxygen release
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. ATP
B. NADPH
C. Light reaction
D. Dark reaction
List-II:
i. uses ATP/NADPH in stroma
ii. formed by photophosphorylation
iii. formed in non-cyclic flow
iv. water splitting and oxygen release
Choose the correct match.
107.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. KOH
B. Prism
C. Cladophora
D. Aerobic bacteria
List-II:
i. green alga used by Engelmann
ii. absorbs CO2
iii. detects O2 evolution sites
iv. splits light into spectral components
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. KOH
B. Prism
C. Cladophora
D. Aerobic bacteria
List-II:
i. green alga used by Engelmann
ii. absorbs CO2
iii. detects O2 evolution sites
iv. splits light into spectral components
Choose the correct match.
108.Match List-I with List-II.
List-I:
A. Dry tropical adaptation
B. High light response
C. Kranz anatomy
D. Thick bundle sheath walls
List-II:
i. impervious to gaseous exchange
ii. C4 plant ecological feature
iii. C4 plant physiological feature
iv. large bundle sheath cells around vascular bundles
Choose the correct match.
List-I:
A. Dry tropical adaptation
B. High light response
C. Kranz anatomy
D. Thick bundle sheath walls
List-II:
i. impervious to gaseous exchange
ii. C4 plant ecological feature
iii. C4 plant physiological feature
iv. large bundle sheath cells around vascular bundles
Choose the correct match.
109.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: The part of the leaf enclosed with KOH-soaked cotton may test negative for starch.
Reason R: KOH absorbs CO2, depriving that leaf portion of a raw material for photosynthesis.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: The part of the leaf enclosed with KOH-soaked cotton may test negative for starch.
Reason R: KOH absorbs CO2, depriving that leaf portion of a raw material for photosynthesis.
Choose the correct answer.
110.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Priestley proposed that plants restore damaged air.
Reason R: A burning candle or breathing animal in a closed space damages air in his experiment.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Priestley proposed that plants restore damaged air.
Reason R: A burning candle or breathing animal in a closed space damages air in his experiment.
Choose the correct answer.
111.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Ingenhousz showed that green parts release oxygen in light.
Reason R: Bubbles were formed around green parts of an aquatic plant in bright sunlight and were later identified as oxygen.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Ingenhousz showed that green parts release oxygen in light.
Reason R: Bubbles were formed around green parts of an aquatic plant in bright sunlight and were later identified as oxygen.
Choose the correct answer.
112.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Aerobic bacteria accumulated mainly in blue and red regions in Engelmann's experiment.
Reason R: Aerobic bacteria were used to detect the sites of oxygen evolution.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Aerobic bacteria accumulated mainly in blue and red regions in Engelmann's experiment.
Reason R: Aerobic bacteria were used to detect the sites of oxygen evolution.
Choose the correct answer.
113.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Accessory pigments help chlorophyll a in photosynthesis.
Reason R: They absorb light, transfer energy to chlorophyll a and protect it from photo-oxidation.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Accessory pigments help chlorophyll a in photosynthesis.
Reason R: They absorb light, transfer energy to chlorophyll a and protect it from photo-oxidation.
Choose the correct answer.
114.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: PS II functions before PS I in non-cyclic electron flow.
Reason R: PS I and PS II are named according to order of discovery, not electron-flow sequence.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: PS II functions before PS I in non-cyclic electron flow.
Reason R: PS I and PS II are named according to order of discovery, not electron-flow sequence.
Choose the correct answer.
115.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Water splitting is essential for maintaining electron flow from PS II.
Reason R: Electrons released from water splitting replace those removed from the PS II reaction centre.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Water splitting is essential for maintaining electron flow from PS II.
Reason R: Electrons released from water splitting replace those removed from the PS II reaction centre.
Choose the correct answer.
116.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Cyclic photophosphorylation produces ATP but not NADPH.
Reason R: Stroma lamellae lack PS II and NADP reductase enzyme, so excited electrons cycle back to PS I.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Cyclic photophosphorylation produces ATP but not NADPH.
Reason R: Stroma lamellae lack PS II and NADP reductase enzyme, so excited electrons cycle back to PS I.
Choose the correct answer.
117.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Proton gradient breakdown through ATP synthase drives ATP synthesis.
Reason R: Protons accumulate in the stroma because NADP reductase adds protons to it.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Proton gradient breakdown through ATP synthase drives ATP synthesis.
Reason R: Protons accumulate in the stroma because NADP reductase adds protons to it.
Choose the correct answer.
118.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: The dark reaction is not directly light-dependent but stops if light reaction products are unavailable.
Reason R: It uses ATP and NADPH produced in the light reaction.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: The dark reaction is not directly light-dependent but stops if light reaction products are unavailable.
Reason R: It uses ATP and NADPH produced in the light reaction.
Choose the correct answer.
119.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: One molecule of glucose through Calvin cycle requires 18 ATP and 12 NADPH.
Reason R: For each CO2 fixed, the pathway requires 3 ATP and 2 NADPH.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: One molecule of glucose through Calvin cycle requires 18 ATP and 12 NADPH.
Reason R: For each CO2 fixed, the pathway requires 3 ATP and 2 NADPH.
Choose the correct answer.
120.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: In C4 plants, the Calvin pathway occurs in bundle sheath cells, not mesophyll cells.
Reason R: C4 mesophyll cells lack RuBisCO, while bundle sheath cells are rich in RuBisCO.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: In C4 plants, the Calvin pathway occurs in bundle sheath cells, not mesophyll cells.
Reason R: C4 mesophyll cells lack RuBisCO, while bundle sheath cells are rich in RuBisCO.
Choose the correct answer.
121.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: C4 plants lack photorespiration.
Reason R: They raise intracellular CO2 concentration at the RuBisCO site by releasing CO2 from C4 acids in bundle sheath cells.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: C4 plants lack photorespiration.
Reason R: They raise intracellular CO2 concentration at the RuBisCO site by releasing CO2 from C4 acids in bundle sheath cells.
Choose the correct answer.
122.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Increasing incident light beyond a point can decrease photosynthesis.
Reason R: Very high light can cause breakdown of chlorophyll.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Increasing incident light beyond a point can decrease photosynthesis.
Reason R: Very high light can cause breakdown of chlorophyll.
Choose the correct answer.
123.Given below are two statements: Assertion A and Reason R.
Assertion A: Water can affect photosynthesis indirectly through stomatal closure and wilting.
Reason R: Most water reaching leaves is directly used as a substrate in photosynthesis.
Choose the correct answer.
Assertion A: Water can affect photosynthesis indirectly through stomatal closure and wilting.
Reason R: Most water reaching leaves is directly used as a substrate in photosynthesis.
Choose the correct answer.
124.Figure 11.1-like setup shows a candle and mouse in closed air, and then a mint plant is included. Which inference is correct?
125.In Engelmann's spectral setup, if aerobic bacteria are seen crowded near two separated spectral regions, those regions most likely correspond to:
126.Based on the absorption/action spectrum idea, which interpretation is most appropriate?
127.Choose the correct simplified flow for non-cyclic electron transport.
128.A diagram shows only PS I active in stroma lamellae, with electrons returning to PS I instead of reducing NADP+. Which product pattern is expected?
129.In a thylakoid ATP synthase diagram, the stroma-facing knob is labelled X and the membrane channel is labelled Y. X and Y are respectively:
130.In a Calvin-cycle flow diagram, RuBP first combines with CO2, then carbohydrate is formed using ATP/NADPH, and finally RuBP is restored. The stages are:
131.A Calvin-cycle input-output table shows Six CO2 as input. What corresponding energy input and product output are correct?
132.In a C4 pathway diagram, the label immediately after mesophyll PEP + CO2 fixation should be:
133.A transverse leaf section shows large chloroplast-rich cells forming a wreath around vascular bundles, with thick walls and no intercellular spaces. This indicates:
134.If a diagram shows RuBP reacting with O2 at the RuBisCO active site, the expected products/effect are:
135.In a light-response curve of photosynthesis, the initial straight-line region is best interpreted as:
136.Choose the option containing only correctly matched scientist-contribution pairs.
137.Select the option in which all pigment-related statements are correct.
138.Which combination is fully correct?
139.Choose the option that correctly explains chloroplast chemiosmosis.
140.Which option is completely correct for Calvin cycle?
141.Select the option containing only correct C4 pathway statements.
142.Which option is fully correct about photorespiration?
143.Choose the only option in which every statement is correct.
144.A student wants to prove specifically that CO2 is necessary for starch formation in a leaf. Which setup is most appropriate?
145.If a plant leaf is illuminated mainly with green light instead of blue/red light, what is the most reasonable NCERT-based expectation?
146.Why is cyclic photophosphorylation useful in the context of Calvin-cycle energy demand?
147.In a dry tropical high-light habitat, why can C4 plants be more productive than C3 plants?
148.If the relative concentration of O2 increases around RuBisCO in a C3 leaf, what is the direct risk?
149.Why can CO2 enrichment increase yield in greenhouse crops such as tomatoes and bell pepper?
150.A plant under intense sunlight and water stress shows reduced photosynthesis. Which combined explanation is most accurate?
Answer Key
12
22
32
42
52
62
72
82
92
102
113
122
131
143
152
162
172
183
191
202
213
222
232
242
253
262
272
282
292
302
311
321
331
341
351
361
371
381
391
401
411
421
431
441
451
461
471
481
491
501
511
521
531
541
551
561
571
581
591
601
611
621
631
641
651
661
671
681
694
704
714
724
734
744
753
764
774
784
794
804
814
824
834
844
854
864
874
884
894
904
911
921
931
941
951
961
971
981
991
1001
1011
1021
1031
1041
1051
1061
1071
1081
1091
1101
1111
1121
1131
1142
1151
1161
1173
1181
1191
1201
1211
1221
1233
1242
1252
1262
1272
1281
1292
1302
1311
1322
1332
1342
1351
1361
1371
1381
1391
1401
1411
1421
1431
1442
1452
1462
1472
1481
1491
1501