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NEET ]1[ Contd...
NEET UG Biology Practice
Instructions:
- Each question has four options (1), (2), (3), (4). Choose the most correct answer.
- Each correct answer carries 4 marks.
- Each wrong answer will deduct 1 marks.
- Unanswered questions will not be penalised.
1.To a biologist, the most accurate statement about flowers in angiosperms is:
2.Which option correctly identifies the two major parts of a typical stamen?
3.A typical angiosperm anther is best described as:
4.Which sequence of microsporangium wall layers is correct from outside to inside?
5.The tapetum is primarily associated with:
6.Formation of microspores from a pollen mother cell through meiosis is called:
7.Pollen grains in angiosperms represent the:
8.Which pair is correctly matched?
9.Which statement about sporopollenin is correct?
10.In a typical mature two-celled pollen grain, the correct comparison is:
11.In over 60% of angiosperms, pollen grains are shed at the:
12.Which option correctly contrasts pollen viability?
13.Pollen of many species can be stored for years in pollen banks using:
14.A multicarpellary gynoecium with free pistils is called:
15.Which pistil part acts as the landing platform for pollen grains?
16.The junction between the ovule and funicle is called:
17.Which structure lies opposite to the micropylar end of the ovule?
18.Formation of an embryo sac from a single functional megaspore is called:
19.A mature typical angiosperm embryo sac is:
20.The egg apparatus consists of:
21.Why is pollination necessary in flowering plants?
22.Which pollination type brings genetically different pollen grains to the stigma?
23.Cleistogamous flowers are:
24.Which trait set is typical of wind-pollinated flowers?
25.Which statement is correct regarding hydrophily?
26.Animal-pollinated flowers usually provide rewards. The usual rewards are:
27.Floral visitors that consume nectar or pollen without pollinating are called:
28.Self-incompatibility is best defined as:
29.Which option correctly matches the outbreeding device with its consequence?
30.In artificial hybridisation, emasculation means:
31.Select the correct statements about a typical angiosperm anther.
A. It is generally bilobed.
B. It is dithecous because each lobe has two theca.
C. It is tetrasporangiate with four microsporangia.
D. It has only one microsporangium in each lobe.
A. It is generally bilobed.
B. It is dithecous because each lobe has two theca.
C. It is tetrasporangiate with four microsporangia.
D. It has only one microsporangium in each lobe.
32.Choose the correct statements about microsporangium wall layers.
A. Epidermis, endothecium and middle layers help protection/dehiscence.
B. Tapetum is the outermost wall layer.
C. Tapetum nourishes developing pollen grains.
D. Tapetal cells often have dense cytoplasm and more than one nucleus.
A. Epidermis, endothecium and middle layers help protection/dehiscence.
B. Tapetum is the outermost wall layer.
C. Tapetum nourishes developing pollen grains.
D. Tapetal cells often have dense cytoplasm and more than one nucleus.
33.Which statements correctly describe microsporogenesis?
A. Sporogenous cells can act as potential PMCs.
B. PMC undergoes meiosis to form microspores.
C. Microspores first occur as tetrads.
D. Microspores remain permanently attached till fertilisation.
A. Sporogenous cells can act as potential PMCs.
B. PMC undergoes meiosis to form microspores.
C. Microspores first occur as tetrads.
D. Microspores remain permanently attached till fertilisation.
34.Identify the correct statements about pollen wall.
A. Exine is made up of sporopollenin.
B. Known enzymes readily degrade sporopollenin during germination.
C. Germ pores are exine apertures where sporopollenin is absent.
D. Intine is thin, continuous and made of cellulose and pectin.
A. Exine is made up of sporopollenin.
B. Known enzymes readily degrade sporopollenin during germination.
C. Germ pores are exine apertures where sporopollenin is absent.
D. Intine is thin, continuous and made of cellulose and pectin.
35.Choose the correct statements about pollen cellular organisation.
A. Vegetative cell is larger and food-rich.
B. Generative cell is spindle-shaped and floats in the cytoplasm of vegetative cell.
C. In over 60% angiosperms, pollen is shed at 3-celled stage.
D. In some species, generative cell divides before shedding.
A. Vegetative cell is larger and food-rich.
B. Generative cell is spindle-shaped and floats in the cytoplasm of vegetative cell.
C. In over 60% angiosperms, pollen is shed at 3-celled stage.
D. In some species, generative cell divides before shedding.
36.Which statements about gynoecium are correct?
A. Gynoecium is the female reproductive part of flower.
B. Single pistil condition is monocarpellary.
C. Fused multicarpellary pistil is apocarpous.
D. Free multicarpellary pistils are apocarpous.
A. Gynoecium is the female reproductive part of flower.
B. Single pistil condition is monocarpellary.
C. Fused multicarpellary pistil is apocarpous.
D. Free multicarpellary pistils are apocarpous.
37.Identify correct statements about a typical ovule.
A. Funicle attaches ovule to placenta.
B. Hilum is the junction of ovule and funicle.
C. Micropyle is opposite to chalaza.
D. Nucellus is enclosed within integuments.
A. Funicle attaches ovule to placenta.
B. Hilum is the junction of ovule and funicle.
C. Micropyle is opposite to chalaza.
D. Nucellus is enclosed within integuments.
38.Select the correct statements about megasporogenesis and female gametophyte.
A. MMC is usually differentiated in the micropylar region of nucellus.
B. MMC undergoes meiosis to form four megaspores.
C. Usually all four megaspores form embryo sacs.
D. Development from one functional megaspore is monosporic.
A. MMC is usually differentiated in the micropylar region of nucellus.
B. MMC undergoes meiosis to form four megaspores.
C. Usually all four megaspores form embryo sacs.
D. Development from one functional megaspore is monosporic.
39.Choose the correct statements about embryo sac development.
A. Functional megaspore nucleus undergoes mitotic divisions.
B. 2-, 4- and 8-nucleate stages are formed.
C. These divisions are immediately followed by wall formation at every division.
D. Cell walls are laid down after the 8-nucleate stage.
A. Functional megaspore nucleus undergoes mitotic divisions.
B. 2-, 4- and 8-nucleate stages are formed.
C. These divisions are immediately followed by wall formation at every division.
D. Cell walls are laid down after the 8-nucleate stage.
40.Which statements describe the mature embryo sac correctly?
A. It is 7-celled and 8-nucleate.
B. The egg apparatus is at the chalazal end.
C. Antipodals occur at the chalazal end.
D. Central cell has two polar nuclei.
A. It is 7-celled and 8-nucleate.
B. The egg apparatus is at the chalazal end.
C. Antipodals occur at the chalazal end.
D. Central cell has two polar nuclei.
41.Complete autogamy in an open flower usually requires:
A. Pollen release and stigma receptivity are synchronised.
B. Anther and stigma lie close to each other.
C. The flower must be dioecious.
D. Pollen must come from a different plant.
A. Pollen release and stigma receptivity are synchronised.
B. Anther and stigma lie close to each other.
C. The flower must be dioecious.
D. Pollen must come from a different plant.
42.Select the correct statements regarding chasmogamy and cleistogamy.
A. Chasmogamous flowers have exposed anthers and stigma.
B. Cleistogamous flowers do not open.
C. Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous.
D. Cleistogamous flowers depend completely on pollinators for seed set.
A. Chasmogamous flowers have exposed anthers and stigma.
B. Cleistogamous flowers do not open.
C. Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous.
D. Cleistogamous flowers depend completely on pollinators for seed set.
43.Choose the correct statements.
A. Geitonogamy involves transfer to another flower of the same plant.
B. Geitonogamy is genetically similar to autogamy.
C. Xenogamy brings genetically different pollen to the stigma.
D. Xenogamy occurs within the same flower only.
A. Geitonogamy involves transfer to another flower of the same plant.
B. Geitonogamy is genetically similar to autogamy.
C. Xenogamy brings genetically different pollen to the stigma.
D. Xenogamy occurs within the same flower only.
44.Which statements are correct for wind pollination?
A. Pollen grains are light and non-sticky.
B. Stamens are often well-exposed.
C. Stigmas are often large and feathery.
D. Flowers usually produce nectar to attract bees.
A. Pollen grains are light and non-sticky.
B. Stamens are often well-exposed.
C. Stigmas are often large and feathery.
D. Flowers usually produce nectar to attract bees.
45.Which statements about water pollination are correct?
A. It is rare in flowering plants.
B. It is limited to about 30 genera, mostly monocots.
C. All aquatic plants show water pollination.
D. Water hyacinth and water lily are generally pollinated by insects or wind.
A. It is rare in flowering plants.
B. It is limited to about 30 genera, mostly monocots.
C. All aquatic plants show water pollination.
D. Water hyacinth and water lily are generally pollinated by insects or wind.
46.Select correct statements about animal pollination.
A. Insects, especially bees, are dominant animal pollinators.
B. Most insect-pollinated flowers are large/colourful/fragrant and nectar-rich.
C. Fly- and beetle-pollinated flowers may have foul odour.
D. Animal-pollinated pollen is always non-sticky.
A. Insects, especially bees, are dominant animal pollinators.
B. Most insect-pollinated flowers are large/colourful/fragrant and nectar-rich.
C. Fly- and beetle-pollinated flowers may have foul odour.
D. Animal-pollinated pollen is always non-sticky.
47.Which statements are correct?
A. Some flowers provide safe egg-laying sites as rewards.
B. Yucca and its moth show mutual dependence.
C. Pollen/nectar robbers consume rewards without pollination.
D. Every floral visitor must be treated as an effective pollinator.
A. Some flowers provide safe egg-laying sites as rewards.
B. Yucca and its moth show mutual dependence.
C. Pollen/nectar robbers consume rewards without pollination.
D. Every floral visitor must be treated as an effective pollinator.
48.Flowering plants evolved outbreeding devices mainly because:
A. Continued self-pollination may cause inbreeding depression.
B. They discourage self-pollination and encourage cross-pollination.
C. They prevent fertilisation in all cases.
D. They convert all flowers into cleistogamous flowers.
A. Continued self-pollination may cause inbreeding depression.
B. They discourage self-pollination and encourage cross-pollination.
C. They prevent fertilisation in all cases.
D. They convert all flowers into cleistogamous flowers.
49.Which are valid outbreeding devices mentioned in the chapter?
A. Non-synchrony of pollen release and stigma receptivity.
B. Different positioning of anther and stigma.
C. Self-incompatibility.
D. Conversion of endosperm into pollen.
A. Non-synchrony of pollen release and stigma receptivity.
B. Different positioning of anther and stigma.
C. Self-incompatibility.
D. Conversion of endosperm into pollen.
50.Choose the correct statements regarding unisexuality.
A. Monoecious castor and maize prevent autogamy.
B. Monoecious castor and maize do not prevent geitonogamy.
C. Dioecious papaya prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy.
D. Dioecy allows pollen transfer within same plant between male and female flowers.
A. Monoecious castor and maize prevent autogamy.
B. Monoecious castor and maize do not prevent geitonogamy.
C. Dioecious papaya prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy.
D. Dioecy allows pollen transfer within same plant between male and female flowers.
51.Which statements about pollen-pistil interaction are correct?
A. Wrong pollen may land on stigma.
B. Pistil can accept compatible pollen and reject incompatible pollen.
C. Rejection may involve preventing germination or tube growth.
D. Recognition is entirely mechanical with no chemical interaction.
A. Wrong pollen may land on stigma.
B. Pistil can accept compatible pollen and reject incompatible pollen.
C. Rejection may involve preventing germination or tube growth.
D. Recognition is entirely mechanical with no chemical interaction.
52.After compatible pollination:
A. Pollen grain germinates on stigma.
B. Pollen tube emerges through a germ pore.
C. Pollen tube grows through stigma and style.
D. Pollen tube first enters chalaza before reaching ovary.
A. Pollen grain germinates on stigma.
B. Pollen tube emerges through a germ pore.
C. Pollen tube grows through stigma and style.
D. Pollen tube first enters chalaza before reaching ovary.
53.Select the correct statements about male gamete formation/carrying.
A. In 2-celled pollen, generative cell divides during pollen tube growth.
B. In 3-celled pollen, pollen tube already carries two male gametes.
C. In all pollen, generative cell divides only after syngamy.
D. Vegetative cell itself fuses with egg.
A. In 2-celled pollen, generative cell divides during pollen tube growth.
B. In 3-celled pollen, pollen tube already carries two male gametes.
C. In all pollen, generative cell divides only after syngamy.
D. Vegetative cell itself fuses with egg.
54.Choose the correct statements regarding pollen tube entry.
A. Pollen tube enters ovule through micropyle.
B. It enters one synergid through filiform apparatus.
C. Filiform apparatus guides entry at micropylar part of synergids.
D. Pollen tube enters the egg directly without synergid involvement.
A. Pollen tube enters ovule through micropyle.
B. It enters one synergid through filiform apparatus.
C. Filiform apparatus guides entry at micropylar part of synergids.
D. Pollen tube enters the egg directly without synergid involvement.
55.Select the correct statements about artificial hybridisation.
A. Desired pollen must be used and stigma protected from unwanted pollen.
B. In bisexual female parent, anthers are removed before dehiscence.
C. Bagging prevents contamination.
D. Emasculation is essential even when female parent has unisexual flowers.
A. Desired pollen must be used and stigma protected from unwanted pollen.
B. In bisexual female parent, anthers are removed before dehiscence.
C. Bagging prevents contamination.
D. Emasculation is essential even when female parent has unisexual flowers.
56.Choose correct statements about double fertilisation.
A. Pollen tube releases two male gametes into synergid cytoplasm.
B. One male gamete fuses with egg to form diploid zygote.
C. Other male gamete fuses with two polar nuclei to form triploid PEN.
D. Triple fusion produces a diploid zygote.
A. Pollen tube releases two male gametes into synergid cytoplasm.
B. One male gamete fuses with egg to form diploid zygote.
C. Other male gamete fuses with two polar nuclei to form triploid PEN.
D. Triple fusion produces a diploid zygote.
57.Which statements are correct?
A. Double fertilisation includes syngamy and triple fusion.
B. It is unique to flowering plants.
C. After triple fusion, central cell becomes primary endosperm cell.
D. After syngamy, zygote develops into endosperm.
A. Double fertilisation includes syngamy and triple fusion.
B. It is unique to flowering plants.
C. After triple fusion, central cell becomes primary endosperm cell.
D. After syngamy, zygote develops into endosperm.
58.Post-fertilisation events include:
A. Endosperm development.
B. Embryo development.
C. Ovule maturation into seed.
D. Anther differentiation into microsporangium.
A. Endosperm development.
B. Embryo development.
C. Ovule maturation into seed.
D. Anther differentiation into microsporangium.
59.Select correct statements about endosperm development.
A. Endosperm development precedes embryo development.
B. Endosperm nourishes the developing embryo.
C. In common type, PEN undergoes free nuclear divisions.
D. Cell wall formation occurs before any nuclear division of PEN.
A. Endosperm development precedes embryo development.
B. Endosperm nourishes the developing embryo.
C. In common type, PEN undergoes free nuclear divisions.
D. Cell wall formation occurs before any nuclear division of PEN.
60.Choose the correct statements about endosperm examples.
A. Tender coconut water is free-nuclear endosperm.
B. Coconut white kernel is cellular endosperm.
C. Endosperm is consumed before seed maturation in pea and groundnut.
D. Endosperm persists in pea but never in castor.
A. Tender coconut water is free-nuclear endosperm.
B. Coconut white kernel is cellular endosperm.
C. Endosperm is consumed before seed maturation in pea and groundnut.
D. Endosperm persists in pea but never in castor.
61.Which statements about embryo development are correct?
A. Embryo develops at the micropylar end.
B. Most zygotes divide after some endosperm is formed.
C. Dicot embryogeny proceeds through proembryo, globular, heart-shaped and mature stages.
D. The zygote directly becomes a mature embryo without intermediate stages.
A. Embryo develops at the micropylar end.
B. Most zygotes divide after some endosperm is formed.
C. Dicot embryogeny proceeds through proembryo, globular, heart-shaped and mature stages.
D. The zygote directly becomes a mature embryo without intermediate stages.
62.Select correct statements about a typical dicot embryo.
A. It has an embryonal axis and two cotyledons.
B. Epicotyl lies above cotyledons and ends in plumule.
C. Hypocotyl lies below cotyledons and ends in radicle.
D. Radicle is covered by coleoptile.
A. It has an embryonal axis and two cotyledons.
B. Epicotyl lies above cotyledons and ends in plumule.
C. Hypocotyl lies below cotyledons and ends in radicle.
D. Radicle is covered by coleoptile.
63.Choose correct statements about monocot/grass embryo.
A. It has one cotyledon.
B. Grass cotyledon is scutellum.
C. Coleorrhiza encloses radicle and root cap.
D. Coleoptile encloses the primary endosperm nucleus.
A. It has one cotyledon.
B. Grass cotyledon is scutellum.
C. Coleorrhiza encloses radicle and root cap.
D. Coleoptile encloses the primary endosperm nucleus.
64.Which statements about seeds are correct?
A. Seed is a fertilised ovule.
B. Typical seed has seed coat, cotyledon(s) and embryo axis.
C. Pea and groundnut are non-albuminous.
D. Wheat, maize, barley and castor are non-albuminous.
A. Seed is a fertilised ovule.
B. Typical seed has seed coat, cotyledon(s) and embryo axis.
C. Pea and groundnut are non-albuminous.
D. Wheat, maize, barley and castor are non-albuminous.
65.Select the correct statements.
A. Albuminous seeds retain part of endosperm.
B. Perisperm is residual persistent nucellus.
C. Black pepper and beet show perisperm.
D. Perisperm is the same as free-nuclear endosperm.
A. Albuminous seeds retain part of endosperm.
B. Perisperm is residual persistent nucellus.
C. Black pepper and beet show perisperm.
D. Perisperm is the same as free-nuclear endosperm.
66.Which statements are correct during seed maturation/germination and storage?
A. Integuments harden into seed coats.
B. Micropyle permits oxygen and water entry.
C. Mature seed moisture is about 10–15%.
D. Dehydration and dormancy make storage possible for food and next-season crops.
A. Integuments harden into seed coats.
B. Micropyle permits oxygen and water entry.
C. Mature seed moisture is about 10–15%.
D. Dehydration and dormancy make storage possible for food and next-season crops.
67.Which statements are correct?
A. Dehydration and dormancy help seed storage.
B. Seed viability varies greatly.
C. Orchids may produce thousands of tiny seeds.
D. Ficus seeds cannot grow into large biomass.
A. Dehydration and dormancy help seed storage.
B. Seed viability varies greatly.
C. Orchids may produce thousands of tiny seeds.
D. Ficus seeds cannot grow into large biomass.
68.Select correct statements about apomixis/polyembryony.
A. Apomixis is seed formation without fertilisation.
B. It is asexual reproduction mimicking sexual reproduction.
C. More than one embryo in a seed is polyembryony.
D. Apomixis in hybrids necessarily causes segregation every generation.
A. Apomixis is seed formation without fertilisation.
B. It is asexual reproduction mimicking sexual reproduction.
C. More than one embryo in a seed is polyembryony.
D. Apomixis in hybrids necessarily causes segregation every generation.
69.Which of the following is incorrect about a young anther/microsporangium?
70.All statements about exine are correct except:
71.Which statement is not true for the generative cell of pollen?
72.Identify the incorrect pair.
73.Which pair is wrongly matched?
74.Which statement about ovule is incorrect?
75.Which is incorrect about female gametophyte formation?
76.Which statement is not correct for mature embryo sac?
77.Which statement is incorrect about autogamy/cleistogamy?
78.Which statement is not true?
79.Which statement about pollination agents is incorrect?
80.Which feature is not typical of wind-pollinated flowers?
81.Choose the incorrect statement.
82.Which is incorrect regarding hydrophily?
83.Which is not a usual feature of animal-pollinated flowers?
84.Which of the following is not an outbreeding device described in NCERT?
85.Identify the incorrect match.
86.Which statement about pollen-pistil interaction is incorrect?
87.Which is the wrong sequence for compatible pollen tube pathway?
88.Which statement is not true for artificial hybridisation?
89.Which statement about double fertilisation is incorrect?
90.Which pair is incorrectly matched?
91.Match the structure with its feature.
List-I
A. Tapetum
B. Intine
C. Germ pore
D. Endothecium
List-II
1. Cellulose and pectin
2. Absence of sporopollenin
3. Nourishes pollen
4. Outer wall layer aiding dehiscence
List-I
A. Tapetum
B. Intine
C. Germ pore
D. Endothecium
List-II
1. Cellulose and pectin
2. Absence of sporopollenin
3. Nourishes pollen
4. Outer wall layer aiding dehiscence
92.Match ovule part with description.
List-I
A. Funicle
B. Hilum
C. Micropyle
D. Chalaza
List-II
1. Small opening
2. Opposite micropylar end
3. Stalk of ovule
4. Junction of ovule and funicle
List-I
A. Funicle
B. Hilum
C. Micropyle
D. Chalaza
List-II
1. Small opening
2. Opposite micropylar end
3. Stalk of ovule
4. Junction of ovule and funicle
93.Match embryo sac component with location/feature.
List-I
A. Egg apparatus
B. Antipodals
C. Central cell
D. Synergids
List-II
1. Two polar nuclei
2. Micropylar end
3. Filiform apparatus
4. Chalazal end
List-I
A. Egg apparatus
B. Antipodals
C. Central cell
D. Synergids
List-II
1. Two polar nuclei
2. Micropylar end
3. Filiform apparatus
4. Chalazal end
94.Match pollination type with description.
List-I
A. Autogamy
B. Geitonogamy
C. Xenogamy
D. Cleistogamy
List-II
1. Same flower
2. Different flower same plant
3. Different plant
4. Closed flower assured selfing
List-I
A. Autogamy
B. Geitonogamy
C. Xenogamy
D. Cleistogamy
List-II
1. Same flower
2. Different flower same plant
3. Different plant
4. Closed flower assured selfing
95.Match example with its correct context.
List-I
A. Viola
B. Zostera
C. Maize
D. Papaya
List-II
1. Dioecious plant
2. Monoecious plant
3. Cleistogamy also occurs
4. Marine seagrass hydrophily
List-I
A. Viola
B. Zostera
C. Maize
D. Papaya
List-II
1. Dioecious plant
2. Monoecious plant
3. Cleistogamy also occurs
4. Marine seagrass hydrophily
96.Match pollination mode with feature.
List-I
A. Wind
B. Animal
C. Seagrass water pollination
D. Water-pollinated pollen
List-II
1. Sticky pollen coating animal body
2. Light non-sticky pollen
3. Long ribbon-like pollen
4. Mucilage protection
List-I
A. Wind
B. Animal
C. Seagrass water pollination
D. Water-pollinated pollen
List-II
1. Sticky pollen coating animal body
2. Light non-sticky pollen
3. Long ribbon-like pollen
4. Mucilage protection
97.Match outbreeding device with mechanism.
List-I
A. Non-synchrony
B. Spatial separation
C. Self-incompatibility
D. Dioecy
List-II
1. Genetic rejection of self pollen
2. Male and female flowers on different plants
3. Pollen release and stigma receptivity differ
4. Anther and stigma placed apart
List-I
A. Non-synchrony
B. Spatial separation
C. Self-incompatibility
D. Dioecy
List-II
1. Genetic rejection of self pollen
2. Male and female flowers on different plants
3. Pollen release and stigma receptivity differ
4. Anther and stigma placed apart
98.Match artificial hybridisation term with action.
List-I
A. Emasculation
B. Bagging
C. Pollination of bagged flower
D. Rebagging
List-II
1. Protection from unwanted pollen
2. Anther removal before dehiscence
3. Dusting desired mature pollen
4. Covering again after pollination
List-I
A. Emasculation
B. Bagging
C. Pollination of bagged flower
D. Rebagging
List-II
1. Protection from unwanted pollen
2. Anther removal before dehiscence
3. Dusting desired mature pollen
4. Covering again after pollination
99.Match fusion/event with product.
List-I
A. Syngamy
B. Triple fusion
C. Central cell after triple fusion
D. Zygote
List-II
1. Embryo
2. Primary endosperm cell
3. Diploid zygote
4. Triploid PEN
List-I
A. Syngamy
B. Triple fusion
C. Central cell after triple fusion
D. Zygote
List-II
1. Embryo
2. Primary endosperm cell
3. Diploid zygote
4. Triploid PEN
100.Match seed/endosperm example.
List-I
A. Tender coconut water
B. Coconut white kernel
C. Pea
D. Wheat
List-II
1. Albuminous seed
2. Free-nuclear endosperm
3. Cellular endosperm
4. Non-albuminous seed
List-I
A. Tender coconut water
B. Coconut white kernel
C. Pea
D. Wheat
List-II
1. Albuminous seed
2. Free-nuclear endosperm
3. Cellular endosperm
4. Non-albuminous seed
101.Match embryo part with description.
List-I
A. Epicotyl
B. Hypocotyl
C. Scutellum
D. Coleorrhiza
List-II
1. Grass cotyledon
2. Below cotyledons and ends in radicle
3. Encloses radicle/root cap
4. Above cotyledons and ends in plumule
List-I
A. Epicotyl
B. Hypocotyl
C. Scutellum
D. Coleorrhiza
List-II
1. Grass cotyledon
2. Below cotyledons and ends in radicle
3. Encloses radicle/root cap
4. Above cotyledons and ends in plumule
102.Match term with meaning/example.
List-I
A. Pericarp
B. False fruit
C. Parthenocarpy
D. Apomixis
List-II
1. Seed without fertilisation
2. Fruit wall from ovary wall
3. Thalamus contributes to fruit
4. Fruit without fertilisation
List-I
A. Pericarp
B. False fruit
C. Parthenocarpy
D. Apomixis
List-II
1. Seed without fertilisation
2. Fruit wall from ovary wall
3. Thalamus contributes to fruit
4. Fruit without fertilisation
103.Match fruit/example with type.
List-I
A. Apple
B. Banana
C. Groundnut
D. Guava
List-II
1. Dry fruit example
2. False fruit
3. Parthenocarpic example
4. Fleshy fruit example
List-I
A. Apple
B. Banana
C. Groundnut
D. Guava
List-II
1. Dry fruit example
2. False fruit
3. Parthenocarpic example
4. Fleshy fruit example
104.Match plant/seed record with NCERT context.
List-I
A. Lupinus arcticus
B. Phoenix dactylifera
C. Orchid
D. Ficus
List-II
1. Tiny seed producing large biomass
2. Thousands of tiny seeds per fruit
3. About 10,000-year dormancy record
4. About 2000-year viable seed record
List-I
A. Lupinus arcticus
B. Phoenix dactylifera
C. Orchid
D. Ficus
List-II
1. Tiny seed producing large biomass
2. Thousands of tiny seeds per fruit
3. About 10,000-year dormancy record
4. About 2000-year viable seed record
105.Match asexual seed phenomenon with description.
List-I
A. Apomixis
B. Diploid egg route
C. Nucellar embryos
D. Hybrid seed advantage
List-II
1. Embryos from nucellar cells
2. No segregation of hybrid characters
3. Seed formation without fertilisation
4. No reduction division before embryo development
List-I
A. Apomixis
B. Diploid egg route
C. Nucellar embryos
D. Hybrid seed advantage
List-II
1. Embryos from nucellar cells
2. No segregation of hybrid characters
3. Seed formation without fertilisation
4. No reduction division before embryo development
106.Match Panchanan Maheshwari contribution with field/context.
List-I
A. Embryological characters
B. University of Delhi Botany
C. Test-tube fertilisation
D. NCERT 1964 Biology textbooks
List-II
1. Research centre in embryology/tissue culture
2. School biology education
3. Taxonomy use
4. Worldwide acclaimed work
List-I
A. Embryological characters
B. University of Delhi Botany
C. Test-tube fertilisation
D. NCERT 1964 Biology textbooks
List-II
1. Research centre in embryology/tissue culture
2. School biology education
3. Taxonomy use
4. Worldwide acclaimed work
107.Match concept with advantage.
List-I
A. Reproduction
B. Sexual reproduction
C. Seed coat
D. Stored food in seeds
List-II
1. Nourishes seedling
2. Species continuity
3. Protection of embryo
4. Genetic variation
List-I
A. Reproduction
B. Sexual reproduction
C. Seed coat
D. Stored food in seeds
List-II
1. Nourishes seedling
2. Species continuity
3. Protection of embryo
4. Genetic variation
108.Match example/term with caution.
List-I
A. Parthenium
B. Yucca moth
C. Pollen/nectar robber
D. Hormone-induced parthenocarpy
List-II
1. No pollination despite reward consumption
2. Pollen allergy
3. Seedless fruit induction
4. Mutual dependence
List-I
A. Parthenium
B. Yucca moth
C. Pollen/nectar robber
D. Hormone-induced parthenocarpy
List-II
1. No pollination despite reward consumption
2. Pollen allergy
3. Seedless fruit induction
4. Mutual dependence
109.Assertion (A): Pollen grains can be well preserved as fossils.
Reason (R): Exine contains sporopollenin, a highly resistant organic material.
Reason (R): Exine contains sporopollenin, a highly resistant organic material.
110.Assertion (A): Complete autogamy is rare in a normal open flower.
Reason (R): It requires both synchrony of pollen release/stigma receptivity and proximity of anther/stigma.
Reason (R): It requires both synchrony of pollen release/stigma receptivity and proximity of anther/stigma.
111.Assertion (A): Cleistogamous flowers assure seed set even without pollinators.
Reason (R): Their anthers and stigma remain close inside unopened flowers.
Reason (R): Their anthers and stigma remain close inside unopened flowers.
112.Assertion (A): Geitonogamy is genetically similar to autogamy.
Reason (R): Pollen grains in geitonogamy come from the same plant.
Reason (R): Pollen grains in geitonogamy come from the same plant.
113.Assertion (A): Abiotic pollinated flowers produce enormous pollen.
Reason (R): Pollen-stigma contact is largely a chance factor in wind and water pollination.
Reason (R): Pollen-stigma contact is largely a chance factor in wind and water pollination.
114.Assertion (A): Wind-pollinated flowers often have large feathery stigmas.
Reason (R): Feathery stigmas trap airborne pollen efficiently.
Reason (R): Feathery stigmas trap airborne pollen efficiently.
115.Assertion (A): Water hyacinth and water lily are not counted as typical underwater hydrophilous examples.
Reason (R): Their flowers usually emerge above water and are pollinated by insects or wind.
Reason (R): Their flowers usually emerge above water and are pollinated by insects or wind.
116.Assertion (A): Every insect visiting a flower should be counted as a pollinator.
Reason (R): Some visitors consume nectar or pollen without contacting anthers and stigma.
Reason (R): Some visitors consume nectar or pollen without contacting anthers and stigma.
117.Assertion (A): Self-incompatibility can prevent inbreeding.
Reason (R): It prevents self-pollen fertilisation by inhibiting germination or pollen tube growth.
Reason (R): It prevents self-pollen fertilisation by inhibiting germination or pollen tube growth.
118.Assertion (A): Compatible pollen is accepted by the pistil.
Reason (R): Pollen-pistil recognition involves chemical interaction between pollen and pistil components.
Reason (R): Pollen-pistil recognition involves chemical interaction between pollen and pistil components.
119.Assertion (A): Pollen tube enters one synergid through the filiform apparatus.
Reason (R): Filiform apparatus guides pollen tube entry at the micropylar part of synergid.
Reason (R): Filiform apparatus guides pollen tube entry at the micropylar part of synergid.
120.Assertion (A): Double fertilisation is unique to flowering plants.
Reason (R): Two fusions, syngamy and triple fusion, occur in the same embryo sac.
Reason (R): Two fusions, syngamy and triple fusion, occur in the same embryo sac.
121.Assertion (A): Endosperm development usually precedes embryo development.
Reason (R): Endosperm provides nutrition to the developing embryo.
Reason (R): Endosperm provides nutrition to the developing embryo.
122.Assertion (A): Perisperm and endosperm are identical tissues.
Reason (R): Perisperm is residual persistent nucellus.
Reason (R): Perisperm is residual persistent nucellus.
123.Assertion (A): Apomixis can be valuable in hybrid seed industry.
Reason (R): It can maintain hybrid characters without segregation in progeny.
Reason (R): It can maintain hybrid characters without segregation in progeny.
124.A diagram shows sporogenous tissue in a young anther. Which sequence correctly follows for pollen formation?
125.In a labelled transverse section of a microsporangium, the innermost nutritive layer around sporogenous tissue should be labelled as:
126.In a pollen grain diagram, a student labels germ pore as 'site with thick sporopollenin cap'. What is the correction?
127.The correct developmental sequence of the normal monosporic embryo sac is:
128.In a mature embryo sac diagram, which labelling is correct?
129.A process diagram shows hydrophily. Which labelled event is correct for Vallisneria?
130.In a pollen-pistil pathway diagram, which path is correct?
131.A flow chart of artificial hybridisation in bisexual female parent should read:
132.In a fertilised embryo sac diagram, which movement of male gametes is correct?
133.A dicot embryo diagram has four labels: plumule, epicotyl, hypocotyl and radicle. Which statement is correct?
134.In the L.S. of grass embryo, which label combination is correct?
135.A revision table lists examples. Which row is fully correct?
136.Select the option with features expected in wind/water pollinated flowers, not animal-pollinated flowers.
A. Light non-sticky pollen in wind pollination
B. No requirement of colourful petals/nectar
C. Large feathery stigma in wind pollination
D. Sticky pollen coating animal body
A. Light non-sticky pollen in wind pollination
B. No requirement of colourful petals/nectar
C. Large feathery stigma in wind pollination
D. Sticky pollen coating animal body
137.Which of the following can reduce self-pollination/inbreeding according to the chapter?
A. Non-synchrony of pollen release and stigma receptivity
B. Different positions of anther and stigma
C. Self-incompatibility
D. Dioecy
A. Non-synchrony of pollen release and stigma receptivity
B. Different positions of anther and stigma
C. Self-incompatibility
D. Dioecy
138.Select the set that correctly belongs to double fertilisation.
A. Syngamy produces diploid zygote
B. Triple fusion produces triploid PEN
C. Central cell becomes PEC
D. Zygote develops into embryo
A. Syngamy produces diploid zygote
B. Triple fusion produces triploid PEN
C. Central cell becomes PEC
D. Zygote develops into embryo
139.Which option contains only correctly matched seed terms?
A. Pea—non-albuminous
B. Castor—albuminous
C. Black pepper—perisperm
D. Beet—perisperm
A. Pea—non-albuminous
B. Castor—albuminous
C. Black pepper—perisperm
D. Beet—perisperm
140.Choose the correct combination about pollination.
A. Autogamy—same flower
B. Geitonogamy—genetically similar to autogamy
C. Xenogamy—different plant
D. Pollination—transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
A. Autogamy—same flower
B. Geitonogamy—genetically similar to autogamy
C. Xenogamy—different plant
D. Pollination—transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
141.Select the statements that are correct for hydrophily.
A. Rare in flowering plants
B. About 30 genera, mostly monocotyledons
C. All aquatic plants show hydrophily
D. Vallisneria and Hydrilla are freshwater examples
A. Rare in flowering plants
B. About 30 genera, mostly monocotyledons
C. All aquatic plants show hydrophily
D. Vallisneria and Hydrilla are freshwater examples
142.Select the correct statements related to apomixis/polyembryony.
A. Apomixis forms seeds without fertilisation
B. Some apomicts form diploid egg without reduction division
C. Citrus and Mango may show nucellar embryos
D. Apomixis can help maintain hybrid characters
A. Apomixis forms seeds without fertilisation
B. Some apomicts form diploid egg without reduction division
C. Citrus and Mango may show nucellar embryos
D. Apomixis can help maintain hybrid characters
143.Select the correct statements about the mature embryo sac.
A. It is 8-nucleate
B. It is 7-celled
C. Egg apparatus has two synergids and one egg
D. Central cell has two polar nuclei
A. It is 8-nucleate
B. It is 7-celled
C. Egg apparatus has two synergids and one egg
D. Central cell has two polar nuclei
144.A breeder chooses a female parent that bears only pistillate flowers. Which step is unnecessary but protection is still required?
145.A plant breeder wants to obtain hybrids even from a normally incompatible cross. Which chapter concept is most directly useful?
146.A plant has separate male and female flowers on different individuals. What is the best conclusion?
147.A horticulturist wants seedless fruits without fertilisation. Which method/concept is most relevant?
148.Farmers complain that buying hybrid seed every year is costly because saved hybrid seed does not maintain characters. Which biological strategy could solve this?
149.For a crop breeding programme, pollen needs to be stored for years. Which approach is most NCERT-consistent?
150.An aquatic plant has flowers emerging above water and insect visitors; a student calls it hydrophilous only because it is aquatic. What is the correction?
Answer Key
12
22
32
42
52
62
71
83
93
103
112
122
132
143
153
162
172
183
192
201
212
224
232
242
252
262
272
282
292
302
313
321
332
341
351
361
374
381
391
401
411
421
431
441
451
461
471
481
491
501
511
521
531
541
551
561
571
581
591
601
611
621
631
641
651
664
671
681
694
704
714
724
734
743
754
763
774
784
794
804
813
824
834
844
854
864
874
884
894
904
911
921
931
941
951
961
971
981
991
1001
1011
1021
1031
1041
1051
1061
1071
1081
1091
1101
1111
1121
1131
1141
1151
1164
1171
1181
1191
1201
1211
1224
1231
1241
1254
1262
1271
1282
1292
1301
1312
1322
1333
1341
1352
1361
1374
1384
1394
1404
1411
1424
1434
1441
1451
1462
1471
1481
1491
1502